BIOMED SCIE LECTURE 27 MINIM INVASIVE DEVISES

• UCD Medical Device Design Group


  Website: mdd.ucd.ie, Email: [e-mail]
• UCD Centre for Biomedical Engineering


  Website: www.ucd.ie/biomedicalengineering, Email: [e-mail]
• BMOL10030: Understanding Human Disease


  Minimally Invasive Devices, Cell Delivery Systems & Implantation Device
• Dr. Eoin O'Cearbhaill


  School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering
• Our group is focused on the hardware for minimally invasive therapeutic delivery
• Targeted therapy


  In the context of stem cells, it is important to understand if you want the cells delivered to: work locally, regionally or systemically, release paracrine factors only or be environment, immuno-isolated or fully integrated stimulus responsive
• Research Overview: Bioadhesives, Photocurable Adhesives, Microneedle Adhesive, Infrapopliteal Segmented Stent, SFA 3D Vascular Stent, Venous Thrombus Extraction, Minimally Invasive Cartilage Repair, Aspiration Devices, Mechanical Clutch Needle, Access & Closure Devices, Ex vivo device models, Organ-on-chip and bioreactor device testing, Endoscopic Delivery Devices, Vascular Devices, Cardiac Patch Delivery, Growing Annuloplasty Ring, Right Ventricular Remodeling, Islet Transplantation Devices
• Francis Rynd


  Invented the first hypodermic needle in 1844 in Dublin
• Modern needle manufacturing in Ireland


  • Specialty Needle Manufacturing at Creganna Medical, Galway
  • Ultra-Fine Insulin Pens from BD, Dublin
• Current methods of cell delivery suffer from poor cell retention (typically <10%) and cell engraftment (can be <1%)
• Improperly inserted and positioned needles and catheters require repeated attempts to achieve correct placement, causing mechanical injury to vessels and underlying tissues or misdirected drug infusion
• Mechanical Clutch Needle Concept


  Target cavity, Clutch engages, Stylet & needle advance as one, Clutch disengages once target cavity of less resistance is reached, Stylet can be removed leaving the needle in place
• Can use an analytical model to show how diameter changes with force applied
• Mechanical Clutch Needle


  • Helps prevent overshoot injuries
  • Scalable for incorporation in a wide range of needle sizes
  • User-independent performance
  • Mechanical solution enables low cost manufacture (Unit Cost <$2)
  • Can easily be tuned to access different tissue compartments
• Could this aid more accurate cell delivery?
• Microneedle-based Catheter Securement


  Microneedle-based Drug Delivery
• Cell Encapsulation


  Need for Cell Encapsulation: Edmunton Protocol, Macroencapsulation Devices: Sernova, Theracyte
• The Problem with Static Macroencapsulation Devices: Scalability - Limited by Reliance on Passive Diffusion, Limited Number of Cells per Device, Suboptimal Kinetics of GSIS and Delivery
• Diffusion alone is suboptimal, Diffusion & Convection is better
• DRIVE: Diabetes Reversing Implants with enhanced Viability and long-term Efficacy, Academic/Clinical Partners, SME Partners, Multi-National Partner
• Silicone-based Macroencapsulation Devices Designed and Fabricated (3D Printed) by UCD Medical Device Design Group: Silicone offers enhanced oxygen permeability, mechanical properties closer to soft tissue, amenable to 3D printing offering design freedom