Network protocols

• What is a network standard?

  a set of agreed requirements for hardware and software
• What is a network protocol?

  a set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted across a network
• Communication on the SAME network uses what?

  a MAC address
• Every device has a MAC address
• LAN switches read the MAC addresses and use them to direct data to the right device
• Communication between different networks uses IP addresses
• When are IP addresses used?

  when sending data between TCP/IP networks
• IP addresses are assigned manually or automatically before what?

  the device accesses the network
• What does the TCP/IP protocol do?

  dictates how data is sent between networks
• Explain what the transmission control protocol (tcp) does

  sets the rules for how devices connect, and splits the data into packets and reassembles them once they reach their destination.
• What is the internet protocol (IP) responsible for?

  directing packets to their destinations across the network
• What is HTTP used for?

  used by web browsers to access websites
• What is HTTPS used for?

  A more secure version of HTTPS. encrypts all information sent and recieved
• What is FTP used for?

  Used to access, edit and move files between devices on a network
• What is POP3 used for?

  retrieve emails from a server. holds email until you download it, afterwards it is deleted from the server
• What is IMAP used for?

  Used to retrieve emails from a server. The server holds the email until you delete it, you only download a copy.
• What is SMTP used for?

  Used to send emails.
• A layer is what?

  a group of protocols with similar functions
• How many layers are in a network protocol?

  4
• What happens in layer 1?

  passing data over the physical network
• What happens in layer 2?

  Making connections between networks and directing data
• What happens in layer 3?

  Splitting data into packets and checking data is delivered and sent
• What happens in layer 4?

  Turning data into websites and other applications
• What are some advantages of using layers?

  Breaks network communication into manageable pieces

  Layers can be changed individually

  Different brands will work with each other
• The internet is based around the TCP/IP protocol
• What is a domain name service?

  translates into IP address so you don't have to remember an ip
• What does the cloud do?

  uses the internet to store files and applications
• What is hosting?

  When a business uses its servers to store files of another organisation
• Gives pros of the cloud

  Users can access files any time or any where
• Give cons of the cloud

  need internet connection

  can be vulnerable to hackers

  subscription fees