1.1 Geology & UK Landscapes
Cards (17)
- Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments and the remains of plants and animals that have settled at the bottom of a lake or ocean
- Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock that is formed from the tiny shells and skeletons of dead sea creatures.
- Igneous rock is formed when magma from the mantle cools and hardens.
- Metamorphic rock is a rock that has been changed by heat and pressure from an existing rock (igneous, sedimentary or older metamorphic rock).
- Permeability is whether a rock allows water to pass through it.
- Limestone and chalk are relatively strong and permeable.
- Clay is a soft, sedimentary rock formed from mud and clay minerals that is impermeable.
- The main types of sedimentary rocks in the UK are limestone, chalk, clay and shale.
- Landscape refers to the character of an area, resulting from the action and interaction of natural and human elements
- Examples of igneous rock include:
- Granite
- Basalt
- When tectonic plates collided 520 million years ago, it forced the rocks to fold and uplift. This created the mountain ranges of the uplands: Scottish Highlands, Snowdonia, and the Lake District
- Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals at the Earth's surface due to physical, chemical,and biological processes
- Dry valleys are formed by rivers flowing over frozen ground during periods of colder climates. When the temperatures increase the water drains away leaving a dry valley
- Farming has changed the UK landscape by:
- Building of drainage ditches,
- Clearance of trees and hedges,
- Creation of large fields
- Settlements developed in areas with advantages such as access to rivers, natural harbours, and natural springs.
- Scree is the weathered debris found at the base of a cliff.
- Metamorphic rocks include: Schist and Slates