Sport and Conditioning

• Conditioning

  An essential aspect of sport training that focuses on improving an athlete's fitness, stamina and overall performance
• Conditioning


  • In addition to physical benefits, it also helps prevent injuries
• Anatomical terminology


  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Superior
  • Inferior
  • Medial
  • Lateral
  • Proximal
  • Distal
  • Superficial
  • Deep
  • Dorsal
  • Ventral
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Adduction
  • Abduction
  • Rotation
  • Circumduction
  • Plantar flexion
  • Dorsiflexion
• Flexion is decreasing the angle between 2 body parts
• Extension is increasing the angle between 2 body parts
• Adduction is movement towards the midline
• Abduction is movement away from the midline
• Rotation is turning a body part
• Circumduction is moving in a circular motion
• Plantar flexion is foot downwards
• Dorsiflexion is foot upwards
• belisile there are 4 major body systems
• Long bones


  • They are bones longer than they are wide
  • They contribute to the structure of Limbs
• Short bones


  • They are roughly the same length and width
  • They help with stability
• Flat bones

  • They are thin and flat
  • They often Protect Vital organs
• Irregular bones


  • They don't fit into any other category
  • They have a unique shape
• Sesamoid bones


  • They are small round or oval shaped
  • They reduce friction and provide mechanical advantages
• Hinge Joints


  Allow movement on one Plane, like an elbows
• Ball and socket Joints


  Allow a wide range of motion, Like your shoulder
• Pivot Joints


  Allow rotation, Like the nodding of your head
• Gliding Joints


  Allow bones to glide Pass eachother
• Saddle Joint


  Allows for a range of Motion
• Major muscle groups


  • Quadriceps
  • Hamstrings
  • Glutes
  • Gastrocnemius (calf)
  • Deltoids
  • Pectorals
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Biceps
  • Triceps
• Different sports involve a wide range of movement
• Muscle contractions


  In order for us to move, our muscles extend and retract. Every muscle comes in a pair, where one extends and the other retracts.
• Types of muscle contractions

  • Isometric: Tension without changing length or causing visible movement
  • Concentric: Shorten and create tension
  • Eccentric: Lengthen while maintaining tension
• Agonist


  The muscle doing most of the work
• Antagonist


  The muscle that has to relax so the agonist can do its job
• When a muscle is doing a job, there is an agonist and an antagonist
• • Explosive power: Sprint, Weight lifting
  • Endurance: Cycling, Running
  • Upper body: Tennis, Swimming
  • Full body: Rowing, MMA
  • Agility: Soccer, Basketball, AFL
• ICE is the acronym used to remember the 3 types of muscle contractions
• Anterior


  The front of your body
• Posterior


  The back of your body
• Superior


  The upper side of your body
• Inferior


  The bottom side of your body
• Medial


  The midline of your body
• Lateral


  Away from your midline
• Proximal


  Close to the center
• Distal


  Away from center
• Superficial


  The surface of your body