2 FA Skeletal and Articular System

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Created by
Evelyn Thomas

Cards (12)

  • Movement production

    1. Muscle contraction
    2. Bone acts as a lever
  • Sesamoid bone

    A bone that is partially wrapped in a tendon
  • Appendicular skeleton

    • Major role is to assist with movement
    • Includes the major limbs: arms, legs, shoulder and pelvic girdles
  • Axial skeleton

    • Forms the basic central structure to support the remainder of the skeleton
    • Protects many of the vital organs: skull protects the brain, vertebrae protects the spinal cord, ribs protect the heart, lungs and kidneys
  • Bones of the skeleton

    • Cranium
    • Clavicle
    • Sternum
    • Radius
    • Ulna
    • Humerus
    • Metacarpals
    • Pelvis
    • Carpals
    • Phalanges
    • Femur
    • Fibula
    • Patella
    • Tibia
    • Metatarsals
    • Tarsals
    • Vertebrae
  • Causes of joint injuries in sport

    • Overuse (too much training)
    • Incorrect movement injuries (wrong techniques)
    • Impact or twisting (twist of knee or elbow from a tackle or collision)
  • Functions of the Skeleton (5)
    1. Support (provides framework/support for the body and gives it shape)
    2. Protection (Protects vital organs)
    3. Movement (of the body)
    4. Storage (of essential minerals e.g. calcuim)
    5. Production (RBCs in the bone marrow)
  • Types of Joints (3)
    1. Fibrous (immovable)
    2. Cartilaginous (slightly moveable)
    3. Synovial (feely moveable)
  • Fibrous Joints 

    No movement at all
    Primary function is protection
    e.g. bones of the skull, sternum, teeth, tibia and fibula
  • Cartilaginous (Slightly movable) 

    These joints occur where the connection between the bones is made up of cartilage.
    Small amount movement possible
    e.g. between the vertebrae of the spine and ribs
  • Synovial (freely moveable) 

    Most common and moveable joints in the body
    Cavities between bones are filled with synovial fluid which helps lubricate and protect the bones.
    e.g. knee, elbow, wrist, ankle, thumb
  • Types of Synovial Joints (6)
    1. Gliding Joint
    2. Hinge Joint
    3. Pivot Joint
    4. Saddle Joint
    5. Condyloid Joint
    6. Ball and Socket Joint