The stomach

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    • The bolus enters the stomach through the cardiac sphincter
    • There are 3 layers of muscle in the stomach
    • The contraction of muscles act to break down food mechanically
    • The main function of the stomach is protein digestion
    • Gastric protease (pepsin) is the enzyme which is secreted by glands help in long tubes called gastric pits which line the stomach
    • These gastric glands also secrete hydrochloric acid which also helps to chemically break down food
    • The stomach has a thick lining of mucous to protect itself from the acids and enzymes
    • Food remains in the stomach for between 2-8 hours before being pushed by the peristalsis to the small intestine