Muscular system

• BTEC Sport - expectations
• BTEC Sport - expectations


  • Your folder and lesson sheets are kept in good condition
  • You take pride in your folder
  • You are proactive in checking your emails
  • You complete all work to the best of your ability
  • You attend revision sessions
  • You use your study periods productively
• Lesson 1 - Muscular System
• Do it now recap


  1. Label the bones D/E/F/M/N

  2. Label the diagram of a long bone

  3. State the type of movement at the shoulder

  4. State the type of movement at the elbow

  5. What is the function of a sesamoid bone?

  6. What is the function of an irregular bone?

  7. Label the sections of the vertebrae

  8. What is the type of movement happening at the knee joint?
• Do it now
• The muscular system: Types of muscle
• Types of muscle


  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle
• Skeletal muscle


  • Striped/striated in appearance
  • Contracts under conscious control
  • Therefore a voluntary muscle
  • They connect to bones via tendons
  • Skeletal muscles become fatigued
• Skeletal muscle


  1. Skeletal muscles contract pulling on bones

  2. Therefore causing movement
• Skeletal muscle


  • Hip flexors, gluteals, quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior
• Hip flexors


  Flexion at the hip
• Gluteals


  Extension at the hip
• Quadriceps


  Extension at the knee
• Hamstrings


  Flexion at the knee
• Gastrocnemius


  Plantar-flexion at the ankle
• Tibialis anterior


  Dorsi-flexion at the ankle
• Cardiac muscle


  • Found in the walls of the heart
  • It does not contract under conscious control
  • Therefore it is involuntary
  • It works continuously
  • Cardiac muscles do not fatigue
• Cardiac muscle


  1. The contractions of the cardiac muscle help to force blood through your blood vessels to all parts of your body

  2. Each contraction and relaxation represents one heartbeat
• Septum


  A solid muscular wall separating the right atrium and right ventricle from the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart
• Aorta


  Body's main artery. It sends oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle to the body/muscles
• Left ventricle


  A lower chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the body. It is the most muscular chamber due to the distance it has to force the blood
• Smooth muscle


  • Contracts without conscious control
  • Therefore is involuntary
  • Found within the walls of the digestive system
  • Found within blood vessels
  • They help to regulate digestion
  • They help to regulate blood pressure
• Justify what type of muscle is most important for Jonny May in order to score this try?
• Lesson 2: Do it now
• Lesson 2: Do it now


  1. Describe the appearance of a skeletal muscle

  2. True or false, skeletal muscles contract under conscious control

  3. Skeletal muscles connect to bones via

  4. Do skeletal muscles have high or low fatigability

  5. Where are cardiac muscles found

  6. True or false, cardiac muscles are voluntary

  7. Where are smooth muscles found

  8. What two things do smooth muscles regulate
• Lesson 2: Answers
• Major skeletal muscles to learn


  • Deltoids
  • Biceps Brachii
  • Triceps Brachii
  • Pectorals
  • Wrist flexors
  • Wrist extensors
  • Wrist supinators
  • Wrist pronators
  • Abdominals
  • Obliques
  • Quadriceps
  • Hamstrings
  • Hip flexors
  • Gluteals
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Erector spinae
  • Trapezius
  • Latissimus dorsi
• Task


  Label as many of those 20 muscles. Make sure your arrow head is clear and accurate.
• Deltoid


  Abduction at the shoulder
• Bicep


  Flexion at the elbow
• Tricep


  Extension at the elbow
• Pectoral


  Horizontal adduction at the shoulder
• Wrist flexors


  Flexes the hand at the wrist
• Wrist extensors


  Extends/straightens the hand at the wrist
• Wrist supinators


  Supinates the forearm
• Wrist pronators


  Pronates the forearm
• Abdominals


  Flexion and rotation of the lumbar vertebrae
• Obliques


  Lateral flexion of the waist
• Gluteals


  Extension/hyperextension at the hip
• Tibialis anterior


  Dorsiflexion at the ankle