Artificial Selection

• What are the points you need to mention for selective breeding?


  • Choose parents with desired feature
  • Breed/cross/mate individuals with the trait together
  • Choose offspring with the feature
  • Breed offspring with feature together
  • For several/many generations
• Selective breeding means to select individuals with desirable characteristics and breed them together

  • The process doesn’t stop there though because it’s likely that not all of the offspring will show the characteristics you want so offspring that do show the desired characteristics are selected and bred together
  • This process has to be repeated for many successive generations before you can definitely say you have a ‘new breed’ which will reliably show those selected characteristics in all offspring
• An example of selective breeding is dog breeders who select which dogs can mate together to increase the likelihood of puppies displaying desirable characteristics eg. coat colour

  • This has given rise to the many recognisable dog breeds of today, all the same species (Canis familiaris) and all descended from one breed
• • Natural vs artificial

  A) naturally

  B) humans intervene

  C) better adapted

  D) environment

  E) survival

  F) useful to humans

  G) necessarily

  H) survival

  I) individual

  J) long

  K) less

  L) desired features

  M) reproduce

  
• Artificial Selection - breeds organisms with valued characteristics together to produce offspring that share those valuable characteristics.

  • It can be used to produce organisms that are more economically valued
  • For example, cows that produce more milk, wheat that is easier to separate from grain, dogs that have a better appearance
• Process of Selective Breeding:


  • Selecting by individuals with desirable features
  • Crossing these individuals to produce the next generation
  • Selection of offspring showing the desirable features