EXAM

• Aquatics


  Any activities done on the water or activities involved in the water
• Swimming


  The sport of propelling oneself through the water using the limbs
• Archaeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as early as 2500 BCE in Egypt and thereafter in Assyrian, Greek, and Roman civilizations
• In Greece and Rome swimming was a part of martial training and was, with the alphabet, also part of elementary education for males
• In the Orient swimming dates back at least to the 1st century BCE, there being some evidence of swimming races then in Japan
• By the 17th century an imperial edict had made the teaching of swimming compulsory in the schools
• Organized swimming events were held in the 19th century before Japan was opened to the Western world
• Among the preliterate maritime peoples of the Pacific, swimming was evidently learned by children about the time they walked, or even before
• Among the ancient Greeks there is note of occasional races, and a famous boxer swam as part of his training
• The Romans built swimming pools, distinct from their baths
• In the 1st century BCE, the Roman Gaius Maecenas is said to have built the first heated swimming pool
• The lack of swimming in Europe during the Middle Ages is explained by some authorities as having been caused by a fear that swimming spread infection and caused epidemics
• Internationally, competitive swimming came into prominence with its inclusion in the modern Olympic Games from their inception in 1896
• Olympics events were originally only for men, but women's events were added in 1912
• Freestyle (front crawl)


  The used stroke by swimmers in freestyle events as it is the fastest
• Executing the front crawl


  1. Lie on your stomach with your body parallel to the water

  2. Propel yourself forward with alternating arm movements in a sort of windmill motion that starts by pushing underwater and recovers above water

  3. Propel with a flutter kick, which is performed with pointed feet as your legs move up and down in alternation

  4. Time your breathing to match your swimming strokes by turning your head to the side while your arm is in the recovery (above water) position
• Breaststroke


  The slowest competitive swimming stroke, and the most commonly learned stroke
• Executing the breaststroke


  1. Swim with your stomach facing down

  2. Move your arms simultaneously beneath the surface of the water in a half circular movement in front of your body

  3. Perform the whip kick with your legs at the same time, by bringing your legs from straight behind you close to your body by bending both at your knees and at your hips, then move them outward and off to the side before extending and coming back together

  4. Time each arm stroke to match your leg movements for more effective propulsion by resting the arms while the legs kick, and straightening the legs while the arms push you forward
• Backstroke


  Requires similar movements to the front crawl, but it is done on your back
• Butterfly stroke


  An advanced swimming stroke that provides an excellent workout, and is the second fastest competitive stroke
• Executing the butterfly stroke


  1. Start horizontal with your stomach facing the bottom of the pool

  2. Bring your arms simultaneously over your head and push them into the water to propel you forward and bring them up out of the water again to repeat

  3. As you move your arms into the water, you will push your head and shoulders above the surface of the water

  4. Perform a dolphin kick with your legs, which requires your legs to stay together and straight as you kick them similarly to how a dolphin's lower body and tail moves

  5. Move your body in a fluid wave-like motion
• Sidestroke


  An older swimming style that is not typically used in swim competitions, but is still an important stroke to learn for safety reasons
• Executing the sidestroke


  Swim on your side, propelling yourself forward with a scissor kick and alternating arm movements
• Elementary backstroke


  A variation from the typical backstroke, using a reversed breaststroke kick while your arms move in sync beneath the water
• Trudgen


  A stroke where your head remains above the water for the entirety, evolved from the sidestroke and named after the English swimmer John Trudgen
• Executing the trudgen


  1. Swim mostly on your side, alternating lifting each arm out of the water and over your head

  2. Use a scissor kick that only comes in every other stroke, spreading your legs apart to prepare to kick as your left arm is over your head, then straightening your legs and snapping them together for the scissor kick as the arm comes down
• Sports involving swimming


  • Relay Swimming
  • Open Water Swimming
  • Triathlon
  • Quadrathlon
  • Finswimming
  • Aquathlon
  • Biathle
  • Triathle
  • Aquabike
  • Ironman Surflifesaving
  • Modern Pentathlon
  • Synchronized Swimming
• Freestyle swimming events


  • 500m
  • 100m
  • 200m
  • 400m
  • 800m
  • 1500m
• Breaststroke events


  • 50m
  • 100m
  • 200m
• Backstroke events


  • 50m
  • 100m
  • 200m
• Butterfly stroke events


  • 50m
  • 100m
  • 200m
• Individual medley events


  • 200m
  • 400m
• Relay events


  • Freestyle: 4 x 100m, 4 x 200m
  • Medley: 4 x 100m
• Olympic swimming events


  • Freestyle: 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m
  • Backstroke: 100m, 200m
  • Breaststroke: 100m, 200m
  • Butterfly: 100m, 200m
  • Individual Medley: 200m, 400m
  • Relay: 4 x 100m, 4 x 200m
  • Medley Relay: 4 x 100m (men, women, mixed)
  • Open Water: 10km
• Aquatics


  Any activities done on the water or activities involved in the water
• Aquatics


  Any activities done on the water or activities involved in the water
• Swimming


  The sport of propelling oneself through the water using the limbs
• Swimming


  The sport of propelling oneself through the water using the limbs
• History of swimming


  • Archaeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as early as 2500 BCE in Egypt and thereafter in Assyrian, Greek, and Roman civilizations
  • In Greece and Rome swimming was a part of martial training and was, with the alphabet, also part of elementary education for males
  • In the Orient swimming dates back at least to the 1st century BCE, there being some evidence of swimming races then in Japan
  • By the 17th century an imperial edict had made the teaching of swimming compulsory in the schools
  • Organized swimming events were held in the 19th century before Japan was opened to the Western world
  • Among the preliterate maritime peoples of the Pacific, swimming was evidently learned by children about the time they walked, or even before
  • Among the ancient Greeks there is note of occasional races, and a famous boxer swam as part of his training
  • The Romans built swimming pools, distinct from their baths
  • In the 1st century BCE, the Roman Gaius Maecenas is said to have built the first heated swimming pool
  • The lack of swimming in Europe during the Middle Ages is explained by some authorities as having been caused by a fear that swimming spread infection and caused epidemics
  • Internationally, competitive swimming came into prominence with its inclusion in the modern Olympic Games from their inception in 1896
  • Olympics events were originally only for men, but women's events were added in 1912
• History of swimming


  • Archaeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as early as 2500 BCE in Egypt and thereafter in Assyrian, Greek, and Roman civilizations
  • In Greece and Rome swimming was a part of martial training and was, with the alphabet, also part of elementary education for males
  • In the Orient swimming dates back at least to the 1st century BCE, there being some evidence of swimming races then in Japan
  • By the 17th century an imperial edict had made the teaching of swimming compulsory in the schools
  • Organized swimming events were held in the 19th century before Japan was opened to the Western world
  • Among the preliterate maritime peoples of the Pacific, swimming was evidently learned by children about the time they walked, or even before
  • Among the ancient Greeks there is note of occasional races, and a famous boxer swam as part of his training
  • The Romans built swimming pools, distinct from their baths
  • In the 1st century BCE, the Roman Gaius Maecenas is said to have built the first heated swimming pool
  • The lack of swimming in Europe during the Middle Ages is explained by some authorities as having been caused by a fear that swimming spread infection and caused epidemics
  • Internationally, competitive swimming came into prominence with its inclusion in the modern Olympic Games from their inception in 1896
  • Olympics events were originally only for men, but women's events were added in 1912