Consmat

• Construction materials

  Materials or supply brought to the site by the Contractor or a sub-contractor
• Traditional construction materials

  Materials that have been used for centuries, often locally sourced and based on traditional knowledge and techniques
• Destructive testing


  Evaluation that determines how a component will behave under pressure
• Non-destructive testing


  Evaluation that determines how a component will behave without permanently damaging the object
• Compression test


  Determines the compressive strength of specimen under compressive pressure
• Tensile test


  Determines the tensile strength and ductility of a metallic material by pulling up to its breaking point
• FLEXURAL TEST

  Evaluates the tensile strength of concrete indirectly. It tests the ability of unreinforced concrete beam or slab to withstand failure in bending. Denotes (MR) in MPa or Psi
• Concrete

  Structural material consisting of a hard, chemically inert particulate substance that is bonded by cement and water
• Portland cement


  Named after the limestone cliffs on the Isle of Portland in England
• Design mixture


  Classification of concrete mixture where the contractor is responsible in establishing the mixture proportion that will achieve the required strength and workability as specified in the plan
• Shear slump


  Slump that indicates the lack of cohesion in the concrete mix
• True slump


  This type of slump is most desirable
• Collapse slump


  Fresh concrete collapses completely
• Zero slump


  Maintain the actual shape of the mold, it represent stiff, consistent and almost no workability
• High alumina cement


  Type of cement that can withstand prolonged exposure to high temperature of more than 1000 degrees Celsius
• Plain concrete


  Conglomeration of cement, aggregates, and water producing a solid mass
• Reinforced concrete


  Reinforced properly embedded in such a manner that the two materials act together in resisting force
• Portland cement concrete

  Most widely used manufactured construction material in the world
• Rapid harding portland cement

  Which is preferred when high early strength concrete is desired
• Blast furnace/sulfate cement

  Used on concrete structures designed to resist chemical attack
• Low heat portland cement

  Used for massive sections designed to reduce the heat of hydration
• Portland pozzolan cement


  A low hardening characteristics concrete
• Importance of construction materials

  • Safety
  • Aesthetic
  • Innovation
  • Cost effectiveness
  • Sustainability
  • Strength and durability
• Man-made construction materials

  • Concrete
  • Asphalt
  • Steel
  • Plastic
  • Glass
  • Bricks
• Good practice in selecting the maximum size of aggregate according to code

  • Fine and coarse aggregates
• ACI requirements for concrete

  • Strength
  • Economy
  • Workability
  • Durability
• Components of Argillocalcareous Rocks

  • Clayey marl
  • Clayey chalk
  • Clayey limestone
  • Cement rocks
• Natural construction materials

  • Stone
  • Wood
• Properties of construction materials

  • Physical properties
  • Chemical properties
  • Mechanical properties
• Mechanical properties of construction materials

  • Hardness
  • Elasticity
  • Toughness
  • Stiffness
  • Ductility
  • Durability
• Chemical properties of construction materials

  • Corrosion resistance
  • Chemical resistance
  • Fire resistance
• Physical properties of construction materials

  • Density
  • Void ratio
  • Dimension
  • Specific gravity
  • Porosity
  • Water absorption
• Tests on aggregates

  • Sieve analysis
  • Aggregate abrasion value
  • Aggregate impact value
  • Aggregate crushing
  • Water absorption
• Tests on bitumen

  • Bitumen content
  • Flash and fire point
  • Penetration
  • Softening point
  • Specific gravity
  • Ductility
  • Marshal stability
• Tests on cement

  • Fineness test
  • Soundness test
  • Consistency test
  • Setting time
• Tests on concrete

  • Compression strength
  • Flexural strength
  • Rebound hammer
  • Ultrasonic pulse velocity
• Tests on steel

  • Tensile strength
  • Bend test
  • Re-bend test
  • Shear
  • Brinell hardness
  • Impact
  • Torsion