ECG

• ECG is used to

  monitor the electricity of the heart
• Small squares of ECG paper are

  1mm by 1mm
• Large squares of ECG paper are

  5mm by 5mm
• ECG paper is sensitive, this is called


  Thermosensitive
• The Cardiac Cycle


  reprsents one complete heartbeat
• P-Wave


  Atrial Depolarization

  
• QRS Complex


  Ventricular Depolarization

  
• T-Wave


  Ventricular Depolarization

  
• U-Wave


  Occasionally follows a T-Wave (poss undefined)
• Baseline


  Flat horizontal line, seperates waves
• Segment


  between 2 waves
• Interval


  Length of a wave with a Segment
• P-R Segment


  End of Atrial Depolarization to Ventricular Depolarization
• S-T Segmant


  End of Ventricular Depolarization to the beginning of Ventricular Repolarization
• P-R Interval


  Beginning of Atrial Depolarization to Ventricular Depolarization
• Artifact


  Interfere with the normal apperance of an ECG
• Dysrhytmia


  Irregular heart rate
• Electrocardiogram


  the physical graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart
• Electrocardiograph


  Instrument used to record the activity of the heart

  
• Electrode


  promotes connection between the body and the electrocardiograph
• Hypoxemia


  reduction of the oxygen supply to the tissue of the blood
• 2 types of leads

  BiPolar Leads and Augmented Leads
• Chest leads are


  v1 thru v6

  
• v1


  4th intercostal space at the right of the sternum
• v2


  4th intercostal space at the left if the sternum
• v3


  midway between positions 2 and 4
• v4


  5th intercostal space at the junction of the left midcavicular line
• v5


  horizontal level of position 4 at the left anterior axillary line
• v6


  horizontal level of position 4 at the left midaxillary line
• Oxygen and Glucose create


  energy
• Muscle Artifact


  Fuzzy Irregular baseline
• Reasons for a Muscle Artifact


  apprehensive patient, patient discomfort, patient movement, physical condition
• Wondering Baseline


  goes in an upward position

  
• Reasons for a Wondering Baseline


  Caused by loose electrodes, dried out electrolyte, body cream or lotions
• 60 cycle interference


  spiked lines that are consistant

  
• Reasons for a 60 cycle interference


  caused by electrical interference such as other electrical equipment, cells phones, inproper grounding
• Interupted Baseline


  caused by the tip of a lead wire becoming detached or a broken cable part
• Examples of Dysrythmias


  Atrial Fibrillation,
• Myocardial Infarction


  Damage to the heart muscle, lack of oxygen to the muscle
• Coronary Artery Disease


  Narrowing of the arteries around the heart