Ns light and colour

• What enables us to see?

  Visible light
• What determines the color of visible light?

  The characteristic wave pattern of each color
• What are the peaks and troughs of light waves?

  Peaks are the highest points and troughs are the lowest points
• What is wavelength defined as?

  • The length of a wave pattern
• Which color has a longer wavelength, violet or red?

  Violet has a longer wavelength
• How does wavelength relate to frequency?

  Shorter wavelengths allow more waves to pass a point in a given time, resulting in higher frequency
• What is frequency in the context of light waves?

  The number of waves that move past a certain point in one second
• What happens to the frequency as the wavelength increases?

  The frequency decreases
• What is refraction?

  The ability of a wave to change direction when it passes from one medium to another
• How does light behave when it enters a different medium at an angle?

  It bends or refracts
• What is the spectrum?

  The range of colors that make up white light
• Can we see the different colors of white light?

  Yes, it is possible to see the different colors
• What happens when a beam of parallel light enters a triangular prism?

  • The light is refracted when moving from air to glass
  • It is split into different colors and moves out of the prism
• What is dispersed light?

  White light that is broken up into different colors of the spectrum
• When does light get dispersed?

  When it travels from a less dense medium to a denser medium
• Why do different colors of light break at different angles?

  Because each color has different wavelength, frequency, and amount of energy
• What is reflected light?

  Light that has changed direction but continues to travel in the original material
• What causes a rainbow?

  Reflection and refraction in water droplets
• Where do rainbows typically appear in the sky?

  In the section of the sky directly opposite the sun
• When do we see rainbows?

  During or after rains when the air is filled with small droplets of water
• What happens to light when it enters a droplet of water?

  It is refracted and then reflected inside the droplet
• What occurs when light leaves the droplet of water?

  It is refracted again and dispersed into different colors
• What happens when white light shines on objects?

  • Each color in the spectrum has its own specific frequency
  • Materials absorb some colors and reflect others
• How do different materials affect light absorption and reflection?

  They absorb and reflect light differently
• Why does a white object appear white?

  Because it reflects all the colors
• What colors can we see based on light absorption?

  We can only see colors that are reflected and reach our eyes
• What happens if the wavelength is reflected?

  The object appears green if the wavelength corresponds to green
• Why does a black object appear black?

  Because it absorbs all the colors
• What happens if the wavelength is absorbed?

  The object appears black if it absorbs all wavelengths
• What happens if the wavelength is reflected and corresponds to white?

  The object appears white as it reflects all wavelengths
• What effect does a larger angle of incidence have on refraction?

  It results in greater refraction and displacement of the emergent ray
• What happens to the emergent ray if boundaries are parallel?

  The emergent ray is displaced but remains parallel to the incident ray
• What materials are lenses made from?

  Glass or plastic
• What is a convex lens?

  A lens that curves outward and is thicker in the middle
• What is a concave lens?

  A lens that curves inward and is thinner in the middle
• How do convex lenses focus light?

  They focus parallel rays of light to a specific point
• What is a magnifying glass?

  A convex lens that enlarges objects
• What happens if an object is closer to a convex lens than its focal point?

  A virtual image appears further away
• What is the cornea's function?

  It protects the front covering of the eye
• What is the retina?

  The sensory layer at the back of the eye