sleep

• dual processing = principle that information frequently gets processed simultaneously at separate conscious and unconscious levels

  • Daniel Kahneman
  • visual perception track = recognize things and plan future actions
  • visual action track = guides moment to moment actions
• • heuristics = mental shortcuts
  • ex: driving, daily choices, behavior, quick decisions in fhock

  1. Availability heuristic = cardiovascular v. cancer deaths
  2. representative heuristic = mental prototype/stereotypes, doctors v. nurse or male v. female
  3. base rate heuristic = ignoring current data to make predictions (surveyed ppl ignore data about a woman coming from a strong math and science background to predict they will likely become librarians
• system 1 = idea of avoiding cognitive distress to avoid shifts, challenges, etc. to our mental outlook and avoid stress

  • quick, on the fly, emotional thinking that relies on heuristics
  • unconscious, intuitive, dominant system (95%)
• System 2: high road, deliberative, analytical

  • more reliable, slower, reasoned, considers possibilities, needs concentration, relies on logic and attempts to think in the abstract outside of emotion
• cognitive dissonance = mental stress that you feel when you hold 2 contradictory or inconsistent thoughts in your mind simultaneously

  • proposed by Festinger, arises when 2+ ideas conflict
  • "dissonance" induces mental discomfort that the human mind naturally and vigorously seeks to reduce as it can reduce stress (health, diet, etc.)
  • stronger "dissonance" = stronger motivation to reduce its discomfort
  • change action or change belief
• consciousness = an awareness of oneself and one's environment AND the ability to respond to stimuli in that environment

  • in EMS is evaluated as a person, place, time and event
  • William James = "stream of consciousness"
  • describes perpetual fluctuation of subjectivity in a never-ending experience that is ever-changing
• impaired consciousness = reduced ability to be aroused/reduced alertness/reduced awareness of oneself and their enviornment
• unconsciousness = the abscence of awareness of oneself an environment their environment

  • RAS in the brainstem
  • both cerebral hemispheres
  • bilateral thalami
  • to a brain leison, systemic diseases and psychiatric cayses/physical injury die to alterations in intracranial pressure
• triad of coma = respitory rate depression, LOC/COMA, pinpoint pupils
• cushings reflex = increase in heart rate and blood pressure
• glasgow coma scale = assesses responsiveness of individuals on basis of

  • eye opening, motor, verbal
• coma = profound state of unconsciousness, eyes closed (short/long term) of the ability to be aroused even with vigorous stimuli such as a sternal rub

  • Glasgow coma scale