Subdecks (3)

Cards (147)

  • Semantic memory is the ability to recall general knowledge about the world, such as facts or concepts.
  • Episodic memory is the ability to remember specific events that have happened at particular times and places.
  • Eyewitness Testimony
    Evidence provided by people who witnessed a particular event or crime, relying on recall from memory
  • Eyewitness Testimony
    • Can be inaccurate and distorted
    • Has important implications for police interviews
  • Leading questions
    Questions where a certain answer is implied
  • Post-event discussion can affect the accuracy of recall
  • Leading questions can mislead people into thinking they saw something they didn't
  • Multi-Store Model

    1. Sensory input goes into sensory register
    2. Attended information passes into short-term memory
    3. Information processed further (rehearsed) can be transferred to long-term memory
  • Multi-Store Model

    • Short-term memory has finite capacity and duration
    • Long-term memory can store information indefinitely
  • Miller's Magic Number

    Short-term memory capacity is about 7 items, plus or minus 2
  • Chunking
    Combining individual items into larger, more meaningful units to increase short-term memory capacity
  • Coding
    • The way information is stored in memory
    • Acoustic coding (how information sounds)
    • Semantic coding (meaning of information)
  • Short-term memory (STM) capacity

    About seven chunks of information
  • Coding
    The way information is stored in memory
  • STM coding

    • Acoustic coding - about how the information sounds
  • LTM coding

    • Semantic coding - about the meaning of the information
  • Miller's magic number

    The capacity of short-term memory is about 7 plus or minus 2 items
  • Sensory register

    Temporarily stores information from the senses (sight, sound, touch, taste, smell)
  • Short-term memory (STM)

    Has limited capacity and duration, uses acoustic coding
  • Long-term memory (LTM)

    Has unlimited capacity and is theoretically permanent, uses semantic coding
  • Types of long-term memory

    • Episodic memory - stores information about experienced events
    • Semantic memory - stores facts and knowledge
    • Procedural memory - stores knowledge of how to do things
  • Schema- a mental framework that organizes and interprets information from the environment.
  • Schemas can be thought of as mental templates that allow us to categorize and understand new information based on our past experiences.
  • Working memory model
  • The working memory model is an updated version of the multi-store model proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974). It suggests that there are three main components of working memory:
  • Phonological loop - involved in processing auditory information such as speech sounds
  • Central executive - responsible for controlling and coordinating other processes within working memory
  • Visuo-spatial sketchpad - responsible for visual and spatial information
  • Episodic buffer - integrates information across different modalities and maintains it over time
  • Visuo-spatial Sketchpad – involved in processing visual and spatial information.
  • Articulatory process - involves rehearsal of verbal material through silent repetition or recitation
  • Acoustic store - temporary storage area where spoken words are held until they can be processed further
  • Visual cache - temporary storage area that holds visual images
  • Iconic store - short term memory system that stores visual information for up to half a second
  • Participants with damage to their phonological loop had difficulty repeating back lists of words or numbers, suggesting its importance in short term memory.
  • Short term memory (STM) - the ability to hold small amounts of information briefly, typically lasting less than 30 seconds
  • Short term memory (STM) - capacity is limited to around seven items plus/minus two
  • Multi store memory model
  • Sensory register - holds sensory information from our environment for about 1/2 a second
  • Sensory register - information moves into STM if it's deemed important enough by the brain