Reviewer

• Rechargeable and Electronic Controlled Light Circuit (RECLC)


  • Rechargeable
  • Electronically-controlled
• Circuits present in a RECLC


  • Power supply
  • Electronic switch
  • LED
• Purpose of power supply section in a RECLC

  To provide electric source for charging the battery and powering the LED
• Light Emitting Diode (LED) in a RECLC


  • Longer lifespan compared to a conventional light bulb
  • Higher brightness compared to a conventional light bulb
  • Lower power consumption than a conventional light bulb
• Rectifier Stage


  Converts AC into pulsating DC
• Purpose of regulator stage in power supply section of a RECLC

  To stabilize or maintain the output voltage
• Electronically-controlled


  The circuit contains electronic components for controlling its operations
• Converter type of power supply


  Converts AC into a small amount of DC
• Simple switch as electronic switch in a RECLC


  Limited control over the lighting modes
• Purpose of rechargeable battery stage in a RECLC


  • To serve as the main power source for the LED
  • To keep the LED operating at a lower temperature to ensure a longer lifespan
• Filter stage


  Necessary in a RECLC to smooth out the pulsating DC into pure DC
• LED instead of a conventional light bulb in a RECLC


  • More energy-efficient
  • Has a longer lifespan
• Regulator stage


  Crucial for preventing voltage fluctuations and ensuring consistent voltage supply
• Fast-charging circuit for the battery

  Increases the charging speed of the battery in a RECLC without damaging the battery or other components
• Parts of a transformer's winding


  • Primary winding
  • Secondary winding
• Function of rectifier diodes in a RECLC

  To convert AC into pulsating DC
• Full-Wave Rectifier


  Uses two diodes and a center-tapped transformer
• Function of bleeder resistor in a simple resistor regulator circuit

  To absorb the stored voltage in the capacitor
• Simple zener diode regulator

  The cathode of the zener diode be connected to the positive side of the filter capacitor
• Series regulator circuit


  Uses a transistor and zener diode
• 78xx series


  Commonly used for voltage regulation
• Purpose of filter stage in a RECLC

  To remove the ripple from the pulsating DC
• Purpose of transformer stage in a RECLC


  To reduce the AC voltage from 220V to a lower voltage
• It is important to reduce the AC voltage using a transformer in a RECLC to match the voltage requirements of the LED and other components
• Filter stage


  Removes the ripple from the pulsating DC by increasing the input voltage to compensate for the ripple
• It is important to choose an electrolytic capacitor with a voltage rating higher than the secondary winding voltage of the transformer to ensure the capacitor can handle the voltage without failure
• Simple resistor regulator circuit


  Maintains a constant output voltage by using a bleeder resistor to absorb the stored voltage
• Series regulator circuit


  Works to stabilize the output voltage by using a transistor to regulate the voltage
• 78xx series


  Produces positive DC voltage
• 79xx series


  Produces negative DC voltage
• Rectifier


  Uses one diode
• Full-wave rectifier


  Uses two diodes
• Half-wave rectifier


  Uses one diode
• Increasing the capacitance value of the filter capacitor


  Increases the smoothness of the DC voltage output in a RECLC
• Single filter capacitor circuit


  Uses only one capacitor
• Resistor-capacitor filter circuit


  Uses multiple capacitors
• Test Point C


  Indicates the AC voltage in the secondary winding of the transformer
• Purpose of the current limiter resistor in the LED stage


  To control the flow of current to the LED
• Electronic switch stage


  Controls the flow of current to the LED by turning the switch on or off
• You are designing a power supply circuit for a device that requires a constant output voltage of 12V. A series regulator circuit would be most suitable to achieve the constant output voltage