keywords

• Action potential


  The change in electrical potential along the membrane of a neurone
• ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
• All or nothing


  A principle that states that a muscle fibre either contracts fully or not at all
• Angularity


  The angle of a joint
• Atkinson and Shiffrin's multi-store model


  A model of human memory with three separate components: sensory register, short-term memory and long-term memory
• ATP


  Adenosine Triphosphate, the production of which is the main energy source of the body
• Behaviour


  Any observable action or activity that can be used to assess an individual's performance
• Arousal


  Your level of excitement and readiness to perform, which affects your performance
• Borg Scale


  A scale that measures perceived exertion during physical activity
• Cardiac cycle


  The order of events that take place during one complete heartbeat
• Cardiac drift


  The gradual increase in heart rate during prolonged endurance exercise with no change in exercise intensity
• Centre of mass


  The point at which the entire mass of an object can be considered to be concentrated
• Chelladurai's multidimensional model of sports leadership


  A model that describes the order of events that take place during one complete heartbeat
• Energy continuum


  The three main energy systems used during physical activity: aerobic, anaerobic alactic and anaerobic lactic
• Feedback


  Information given to a performer about their performance
• Fartlek training


  A form of interval training that involves varying the pace and intensity of running
• Force


  The push or pull that one object exerts on another
• Games


  Activities that are competitive and have a set of rules
• Motivation


  The desire or willingness to engage in an activity
• Motor unit


  A motor neurone and all the muscle fibres it innervates
• Personality


  The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character
• Physical fitness


  The ability to meet the demands of the environment
• Proprioception


  The awareness of the position and movement of the limbs and body
• Reciprocal inhibition


  The process by which the contraction of one muscle group is accompanied by the relaxation of the opposing muscle group
• Skill


  The ability to perform an action with a high degree of success and consistency
• Social facilitation


  The improvement in performance of a task due to the presence of others
• Specificity


  The principle that training should be specific to the demands of the activity
• Stereotyping


  Making assumptions about an individual based on their membership of a particular group
• Stroke volume


  The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction
• Synaptic transmission


  The process by which a nerve impulse is transmitted from one neurone to another across a synapse
• Warm-up


  The preparation of the body for physical activity, including raising the heart rate and body temperature