Viruses bacteria and stuff I need to know

• Tobacco mosaic virus infects the


  Chloroplasts (of leaves)
• How is Tobacco mosaic virus transmitted?

  Through contact of plants.

  either naturally or through farmers
• HIV / AIDS is a bacteria or virus?

  Virus
• What can measles cause for adults (who did not catch it as children)

  Infertility
• how is measles transmitted?

  Droplets in the air after a person sneezes
• Is measles a bacteria or virus?

  Virus
• What type of pathogen is rose black spot?

  Fungus
• How can pathogens be transmitted?

  • direct contact
  • water - drinking / bathing ext.. in dirty water
  • air - when a person sneezes and sprays infected droplets
  • unhygenic food preperation
  • vector - any organism that can spread a disease
• How is gonorrhoea transmitted?

  Sexual contact
• What type of pathogen is gonorrhoea?

  Bacterial

  Therefore can be treated by antibiotics
• What type of disease is salmonella?

  Bacteria, so it can be treated by antibiotics
• What are protists?


  simple eukaryotic organisms that are neither plants nor animals or fungi - found in the Protista kingdom
• Malaria


  What type of pathogen is it? - protist

  Symptoms - headaches, fever, vomiting, diarrohea

  Prevention - sleep under mosquito nets, wear insect repellent, antimalrial drugs
• What is a fungal disease in animals?

  Athletes foot

  How is it spread? - touch

  How is it treated? - antifungal medication
• Rose black spot

  Type of pathogen - fungus

  Why is it damaging to a plant? - reduces its ability to photosynthesise
• How can rose black spot be treated?

  Fungacides, and removing + destroying infected leaves
• Methods of preventing disease include :

  Sterilising water - chemicals or UV lights kill pathogens

  Food hygiene - cooking foods thoroughly and preparing them in hygiene conditions

  Personal hygiene - washing surfaces with disinfectant (kills pathogens)

  Vaccinations - introduce a small or weakened version of a pathogen into your body, and the immune system learns how to defend itself

  Contraception - using barrier contraception (condoms)