APUSH EXAM REVIEW

• House of Burgesses


  Marked the beginning of self-government and representative assembly
• Mayflower Compact


  Self-government, maintain social order in the new colony, Plymouth
• Marbury v. Madison, Marshall Court


  Judicial Review or Federal Supremacy
• Great Migration


  Moved to cities for jobs
• Nativism


  Anti-Immigration, Quotas
• Sacco & Vanzetti case

  • People believed they didn't receive a fair trial (got arrested b/c of the time period with the Red Scare)
• Federalism


  Division of government, delegated, reserved and concurrent powers
• Branches of Government


  • Separation of Powers
  • Checks and Balances
• Separation of Powers


  System where the gov't power is divided between three branches- legislative, judicial, and executive
• Checks and Balances


  Each branch of gov't can "check" the others to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful
• George Washington


  Neutrality, Isolationism, Non-Involvement
• Articles of Confederation


  Weaknesses of central gov't, too much power in states
• Containment policies of communism (from the U.S.- Cold War)

  • Marshall Plan
  • Truman Doctrine
  • Point-Four Program
  • NATO
  • Domino Theory
  • Korea & Vietnam war
• World War 2


  • Pearl Harbor
  • D-Day
• Lend Lease Act


  U.S. lent supplies to the Allies to be paid off after the war
• Cash and Carry


  Helped the Allies; the countries at war could purchase only non-military goods from the U.S., but they had to pay cash for their own transport- U.S. supported countries (Britain & France) that were fighting against Germany while still remaining neutral
• Why didn't U.S. ratify Treaty of Versailles?: Neutrality and No involvement in League of Nations (resembled an alliance)
• Unwritten Constitution


  • Two-party system (political parties "democrat v.s. republican")
  • Cabinet: "head of departments" - president's "closest confidants"
  • Judicial review: power of the courts to interpret the constitution and invalidate laws that conflict with it
• World War I


  • Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (by the Germans)
  • Sinking of the Lusitania
  • The Zimmerman Note (Germany's message to become Allies with Mexico- gets intercepted and Britain sends to U.S.)
• Trusts & Monopolies


  • Trusts: a group of corporations run by a single board of directors- they control a large portion of an industry
  • Monopolies: a single company has exclusive control over a product or service in a particular market- allows them to manipulate prices and stifle competition
• Trusts & Monopolies


  Protect the consumer, led to antitrust-laws to promote competition and prevent companies from gaining too much power
• Unions


  • Wages
  • Hours
  • Working conditions
  • AFL
  • Knights of Labor
• Sherman Antitrust Act


  Law to combat monopolies and trusts, goal was to promote competition and prevent businesses from gaining too much power *effectiveness was limited*
• Repeal an amendment


  Pass a new amendment (18th and 21st amendment)
• Ratification of the Constitution

  Federalists Papers, Bill of Rights (anti-federalists agree to a constitution b/c of a bill of rights)
• Interpretation of the Constitution

  • Strict v.s. Loose interpretation
  • Jefferson v.s. Hamilton
  • Formation of political parties
• Manifest Destiny


  Acquisition of land from Atlantic to pacific, slave v.s. free territory, end of the frontier
• Reconstruction


  • President's Plan- lenient
  • Radical Congress- punish the South (confederates "new south")
• John Hay


  Open Door Policy (China)
• Mississippi River


  Place for trade and navigation