Coasts

• Definition of coasts:

  the coast or coastline is the zone where the land meets the sea
• Definition of coastal processes:

  The coastline is shaped and changed by coastal processes involving the sea and weather
• Definition of erosion:

  The wearing away of a surface leading to the removal of sediment
• Definition of sediment:

  Material found at the coast, including pebbles, rocks, and sand
• Four erosional processes:

  Abrasion - Waves hit coastal landforms wearing them down overtime. Waves carry rock fragments scraping away the surface

  Attrition - Rocks or pebbles crash each other causing them to become smaller and smaller

  Corrosion - Chemical reaction between the water and the rock surface (Example: Carbonic and weak acids in sea water dissolves the surface of rocks like chalk and limestone)

  Hydraulic Action - When waves force air into cracks in the rock surface causing cracks to widen and break off
• What is the four erosional processes?

  Abrasion, Attrition, Corrosion, Hydraulic Action
• Explain the formation of landforms

  Firstly, a crack may form in the side of a headland due to erosion. Secondly, the crack will expand due to hydraulic action causing a cave to form. Thirdly, abrasion continues to erode the headland from both sides causing the cave to break through and form an arch. Next, waves and weather cause the roof of the arch to collapse, forming a stack. Finally, corrosion dissolves the surface of the stack causing it to weaken and collapse to form a stump.
• Headland:

  
• Tombolo:

  
• Arch:

  
• Stack:

  
• Cliff