Reconstruction

• Rutherford B. Hayes won the election by compromising with the Democrats.
• The South mainly depended on its cotton source.
• The Thirteenth amendment ended slavery
• The first African American senator was Hiram Revels
• No one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement according to the 15th Amendment.
• All persons born in or naturalized in the U.S. are considered citizens according to the 14th Amendment.
• The Southern government restricted freed slaves by passing black codes
• President Andrew Johnson became president after Abraham Lincolns assassination in 1865.
• Making public school systems was a major success in Reconstruction for the South.
• Sidewalk rules were not a part of black codes
• The Compromise of 1877 signaled an end to Reconstruction.
• Congress reacted to the Klan by passing the Enforcement Plan of 1870
• The Freedmen's bureau provided freed slaves education, food, and clothing.
• Reconstruction Acts: Divided the South into 5 districts, each under control of a military commander.
• Carpetbaggers: Northern Republicans who moved South after the civil war.
• The system of sharecropping was least beneficial to share croppers.
• The South's governments tried to improve economic conditions by building railroads and businesses.
• K.K.K: A group that wanted to prevent African Americans from excersising their rights.
• Andrew Johnson followed Abraham Lincoln version of the Reconstruction (10% plan) very leniently.
• After Rutherford B. Hayes got elected he removed Federal Troops from the South.
• Scalawags: Small farmers who opposed secession.
• Reconstruction: Attempt to repair the South and bring Southern states back to the union.
• Fifteenth Amendment: This gave every male citizen the right to vote once reached a certain age.
• Freedmen: A name for freed blacks.
• Tenant Farmer: Rented land from owner, unlike sharecroppers, they can plant whatever they choose.
• Civil Rights Act: Got rid of Black Codes.
• Atlanta and Georgia were the industrial cities.
• There was an increase in cotton mills and fabric industries during the industrial growing.
• Black Southerners: Freed, but many homeless, jobless, and hungry.

  Plantation Owners: Lost lots of slave labor, over 3 billion

  Poor White Southerners: No money, moved west.
• 10% plan:

  • pardoned confederates swearing allegiance to the Union and Emancipation.
  • states can hold conventions when 10% of the voters swear allegiance to the union.
  • can then return to Union.
• The Johnson Plan a.k.a the Presidential Reconstruction:

  • pardoned Confederates who swore to the union.
  • states could hold conventions
  • Void secession, slavery, and ratify the 13th amendment.
  • Then can return to union.