The elements in the periodic ate are arranged in order of atomic/proton number so that elements with similar properties are in columns, known as groups.
The table is called the periodic table because similar properties occur at regular intervals
Elements in the same group in the periodic table have the dame number of electrons in their shell (outer electrons) and this gives them similar chemical properties
Number of shells link to the periodic table as it determines the period number
Number of electrons in outermost shell link to the periodic table as it determines the group number
The total number of electrons in all shells links to the periodic table as it determines the atomic number