Chemical Bonds

• There are three types of strong bonds: ionic, covalent, and metallic
• For ionic bonding, the particles are oppositely charged ions.
• For covalent bonding, the particles are atoms which share pairs of electrons
• For metallic.bonding, the particles are atoms which share delocalised electrons
• Ionic bonding occurs in compounds formed from metals combined with non-metals
• Covalent bonding occurs in most non-metallic elements and in compounds of non-metals
• Metallic bonding occurs in metalic elements and allows
• Ions are charged particles
• When atoms lose or gain electrons, all they're trying to go id get a full outer shell, like a noble gas
• When metals form ions, they gain electrons into their outer shell to form positive ions
• When non-metals form ions, they gain electrons to into their outer shell to form negative ions
• The number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge of the ion.
• Groups 1 & 2 and 6&7 are the most likely to form ions

  • 1&2 are metals and lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)
  • 6&7 are non-metals and gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
• group 1 elements form + 1 ions

  group 2 elements form + 2 ions

  group 6 elements form - 2 ions

  group 7 elements form - 1 ions