3.7 - changing roles and relationships in the family

• 3.7 Parsons and Bales


  instrumental - men - income for the family

  expressive - women - psychological and emotional needs
• 3.7 - Young and Wilmott


  symmetrical family

  3 main characteristics

  conjugal roles are joint

  family is nuclear - relationship focus between husband, wife and children, extended relationships have been weakened

  the family is privatised - spend more time in private than with extended family
• 3.7 Oakley


  housewife role remains primary role for married women

  only a minority of men could be classified as having a high level of housework participation
• 3.7 Duel Burden


  women are expected to do house work and work part time jobs
• 3.7 Dunscombe and Marsden


  triple shift

  women deal with emotional, paid and unpaid work
• 3.7 British Social Attitudes Survey


  men = 8 hr/wk

  women 13 hr/wk

  doing domestic labour
• 3.7 Gurnshuny


  lagged adaptation

  1997 vs 1970

  women still did more than 60% of domestic work

  gradual increase in mens participation
• 3.7 Hakim


  on average men and women do the same total number of productive work hours once paid and unpaid labour is combined
• 3.7 Man Yee Kan


  working class women do more housework than middle class counterparts

  educated women tend to do less housework than women who left school at 16
• 3.7 Berthoud


  asian families more likely to adopt traditional gender roles than white families
• 3.7 Weeks


  same sex couples needed to negotiate roles in household rather than making assumptions based on tradition
• 3.7 Dunne


  in lesbian relationships housework and childcare are shared equally
• 3.7 Pahl


  there has been a growing individualisation in couples finances especially in younger couples when both have jobs