migration

• Suggest three push factors that caused migrants to move from mountainou isolated area.

  • Mountainous relief - steep slopes
  • Cold climate - lots of cloud & frost hollow from katabatic winds.
  • Limited flat land for crops
• Suggest three pull factors that could attract people into a mountainous area.

  • Tourism - employment opportunities
  • Mountain recreation - e.g. skiing
  • Clean air/free from pollution
• Explain how both distance and cost can influence internal migration.

  • distance - generally migration decreases with distance from the source as it takes longer, costs more and migrants know less about the area
  • distance may not be uniform in its friction or there may be barriers e.g. sea v mountains
  • cost - generally, as cost (of moving and/or re-locating) increases, migration decreases as migrants have limited funds and/or costs exceed the benefits of the move.
  • costs may vary with the pricing of the system of transport : candidates may consider cost and distance together