Women

Cards (140)

  • What was the Women's Rights Convention 1848?

    - introduction and discussion of female suffrage
    - led by Cady Stanton and Mott
    - showed ability to organise
  • What was the NWSA's view on female suffrage?
    tackle it on a federal level
  • What was the AWSA's view on female suffrage?
    tackle it on a state level
  • What states rewarded some women the right to vote?
    Wyoming, Utah, Idaho, Colorado
  • When did the NAWSA form?
    1890
  • What was the Congressional Union for Women's suffrage?

    - 1913
    - led by Alice Paul
    - militancy, mass demonstration, hunger strikes
    - first picketing of the White House
    - hostility from President Wilson
  • Who attempted to challenge electoral law in 1875?
    Elizabeth Cady Stanton - 'electoral malpractice
  • What were some areas of social reform women were prominent in?
    - abolition
    - temperance
    - charity work in cities
    - rural protest
  • Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?

    Harriet Beecher Stowe
  • Who was Harriet Tubman?

    former slave who risked her life to save other slaves
  • What was Temperance?
    anti-alcohol movement - saw alcohol as a social evil that caused abuse and violence
  • Who led the Women's Christian Temperance Union?

    Frances Willard
  • What actions did the WCTU take?
    stop the spread of saloons, vigils, leafleting, prayer meeetings
  • How many members did the WCTU have in the 1880s?
    168,000
  • What was the Hull House in Chicago?

    - founded in 1889, Jane Adams
    - offered language classes, child classes, nurseries, trade union meeting
  • How many settlement houses were there?
    400
  • What imapct did settlement houses have?
    promoted influence of women in local government, showed their ability to organise, states passed assistance for mothers and widows
  • Who led the rural protests?

    Elizabeth Lease
  • How many women were working in clerical work by 1900?
    949,000
  • What sort of industries did women work in?
    telephone operators, librarians, secretaries, teachers, garment making, food processing
  • How much did young female white collar clerical workers earn a week?
    $7 and they could gain some status
  • How many women partook in temperance demonstrations?
    approx 60,000
  • In the 1880s, what % of Philadelphia's workforce was women?

    26%
  • Was there a rise of educational opportunities for women in the Gilded Age?
    Yes
    - more female high school graduations - 1/2 of graduates were female in 1900
    - training schools e.g. training school for nurses set up in 1873, by 1890 there were 35
  • Was the declining birth rate experienced by everyone?
    No, immigrant families were still large - e.g. Irish Catholic Families, families had 6-8 children
  • Was the progression of women in the workplace experienced by everyone?
    No - though white unmarried women could graduate from the factory floor to clean business spaces, these positions were often filled by immigrant women
  • What were some downsides to women in the workplace?
    - no career progression
    - traditional male professions difficult to access
    - women ended up in low-skilled jobs instead of learning a trade
    - women expected to leave jobs to marry
  • Women and trade unions

    Though there was growing access to trade unions, women could not join these on the same scale as men
  • Did immigrant women experience the progress of the gilded age?
    No, these women often worked in poor homes in crowded cities, sweatshops and the sex industry
  • What is some evidence WW1 was a turning point for women?

    - NY and Illinois enfranchised women in 1917
    - women made an important contribution to work in WW1
    - encourage President to reward women with suffrage as a thank you for their work in the war
  • What is some evidence that WW1 was not a turning point for women?
    - wage discrimination
    - women were not allowed to own businesses without special permission
    - female suffrage seen as unwomanly
  • What did the NAWSA become?
    League of Women Voters - only 5-10% rejoined
  • The Ninteenth Amendment

    Guarenteed women the right to vote in 1920
  • What were some limitations of the 19th amendment?
    - women voted in the same way their husbands did
    - low turnout
    - voting registration not easy
    - restrictions for African American women
    - National Association Opposed to Women's Suffrage
  • Who were 'flappers'?
    liberated women in the 1920s who went against traditional victorian norms
    - sexual freedom, smoking, shorter skirts
    - pressure to return to tradition after marriage
    - limited - not everyone could afford
  • What were some points of progress on female education in the 1920s?

    - women graduated and did higher degrees
    - expansion of education to African American Women
    - Bryn Mawr Summer School - for working class women, founded by M. Carey Thomas
    - YWCA
  • What were the Comstock Laws?

    prohibited the advertising of contraceptive
  • Was birth control accessible in the 1920s?
    anti-birth control - poverty and religion, women resorted o illegal abortions
  • Who was Margaret Sanger?

    advocate for birth control, formed American Birth Control League and opened birth control clinic in NY in 1916
  • What year did the first legal birth control clinic open?
    1923 - though it came with a cost