UTM

• used to test the mechanical properties of a given test specimen by exerting tensile, compressive or transverse stresses

  UTM (UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE)
• the machine has been named so because of the wide range of tests it can perform over different kind of materials

  UTM (Universal Testing Machine)
• Tests in UTM:

  1. Peel Test
  2. Flexural Test
  3. Tension Test
  4. Bend Test
  5. Friction Test
  6. Spring Test
• two main parts of UTM:

  1. Loading Unit
  2. Control Unit
• It held arrangement of the test specimen and the exertion of the load

  Loading Unit
• The Variation in the application of the load and the corresponding test result are obtained from...

  Control Unit
• Loading Unit components:

  1. Load Frame
  2. Upper crosshead and Lower crosshead
  3. Elongation Scale
• can be made either by single support or by double support

  Load Frame
• consist of a table (where the specimen is placed for the compression test), upper crosshead, and lower crosshead

  Load Frame
• used to clamp one end of the test specimen

  Upper Crosshead
• the movable crosshead whose screws can be loosened for height adjustment and tightened

  Lower Crosshead
• (True or False) Both crossheads have a tapered slot at the center. This slot has a pair of racked jaws that is intended to grip and hold the tensile test specimen.

  True
• the relative movement of the lower and upper table is measured by...

  Elongation Scale
• Control Unit components:

  1. Hydraulic Power Unit
  2. Load Measuring Unit
  3. Control Devices
• this unit consists of an oil pump that provides non-pulsating oil flow into the main cylinder of the oil flow

  Hydraulic Power Unit
• (True or False) The pendulum is connected to the piston by pivot lever.

  True
• deflects based on the load applied to the specimen; this deflection is converted to the load pointer and displays as the load on the dial

  Pivot Lever
• can be electric or hydraulic

  Control Devices
• makes use of switches to move the crossheads and switch on/off the unit


  Electric control devices
• consists of two valves; right and left control valve

  Hydraulic Control Device
• used to apply load on the specimen


  Right Control valve
• Release Valve; used to release the load application

  Left Control Valve
• basic form of mechanical testing that can be performed in UTM

  Peel Testing
• commonly used to bond two surfaces together

  Adhesives
• applies tensile force to one of two bonded substrates

  Peel Test
• it must be flexible; tape, thin film, rubber

  Upper Substrate
• flexible or rigid; metal, composite, rigid plastic

  Lower substrate
• Common results from a peel test:


  • Initial Peak Force
  • Average force over the seal
  • Peel strength