Odisha/Orissa

• where is Odisha

  on the east coast of India on the Bay of Bengal
• describe the landforms of Odisha

  -6 main deltas

  -a salty lagoon (Chilika lake)

  -8km2 of mangrove forests
• how many mangrove forests are in Odisha

  8 km2
• what are the benefits of mangroves

  -stabilise erosion

  -reduce impacts of storm surges

  - massive carbon sinks

  -large biodiversity (fisheries)
• why is it important mangroves protect Odisha

  -1/3 of Indias tropical cyclones happen here

  -only 14% of coastline is stable
• why are mangroves being destroyed

  • industrialisation due to global shift as ports being built as they are advantageous to to access to global markets including china
  • for agriculture as deltas have nutrient rich soil
• why is Odisha particularly vunerable to flooding and erosion

  -low lying land

  -populated coastlines due to ports so communities at risk (livelihoods etc)

  -industrialisation causes subsidence
• what have environmental assessments at odisha shown

  sediment transfer and wave patterns disrupted due to intervention which has increases erosion in certain areas
• what has holistic management at odisha involved

  ICZM - cultivating and planting mangrove forests
• what % of Odisha rely on agriculture

  80%
• in one cyclone, what was the loss to agriculture

  2 million tonnes of rice crops were lost