RESPONSES TO INDUSTRIALIZATION

Cards (23)

    1. How did Evangelical Christianity inspire some reformers?

    • it emphasized that individuals had the power to change their lives. they could ensure their own salvation and improve their communities
    1. What was the connection between the anti-slavery movement and the women's rights movement?
    • women wanted to speak out against slavery but were denied the right… so thats when a society was formed to advocate for the rights of women
    • an important American group that mixed anti-slavery and women's rights activism was the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society, led by Mott and the women of a leading African American family-Charlotte, Harriet, Sarah, and Margaretta Forten
    1. What were some effects of industrialization which Upton Sinclair highlighted in his book?

    • workers lost their limbs, were exposed to dangerous chemicals, and caught infectious diseases while working long hours in cold, cramped conditions
    1. What was life like in the tenements?
    • overcrowded, limited toilets, unsanitary, infant death rates were high
    1. What were some of the successes of the reform movements?

    2. (Child) Labor Rights
    3. Social Welfare Programs
    4. Women's Rights
    5. Civil Rights
    6. Environmental Protections
    7. Political Reforms
  • Labor Rights Reform Movement

    • Implementation of labor laws and regulations aimed at improving working conditions, limiting working hours, and ensuring fair wages for workers
  • Social Welfare Programs

    • Establishment of programs to provide assistance to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, disabled, and unemployed
    • Examples include the introduction of public education, healthcare systems, and social security initiatives
  • Women's Rights

    • Right to vote
    • Access to education and employment opportunities
    • Legal protections against discrimination and violence
  • Civil Rights

    • Legislation to combat racial segregation and discrimination
    • Ensure equal treatment under the law for marginalized groups, including racial minorities, indigenous peoples, and immigrants
  • Environmental Protections

    • Clean water system
    • Public health legislation which led to sanitized environments
    • New Public Health Act ensured the government was responsible for making sure drinking water was safe, sewage waste properly managed, and contagious disease contained
    • Establishment of environmental regulations, preservation initiatives, and the creation of national parks and wildlife reserves
  • Political Reforms

    • Electoral reforms
    • Campaign finance regulations
    • Expansion of voting rights to people who weren't allowed to vote originally
    • Increasing democratic participation, accountability, and transparency
  • Industrialization
    • Shifted economic power from agrarian-based economies to industrialized ones
    • Factories and urban centers became new sources of wealth, leading to the rise of a new industrial capitalist class
  • Social Mobility

    • Industrialization created opportunities for social mobility, allowing individuals to move up the social ladder based on their skills and economic contributions
    • While some workers rose to positions of wealth and influence, many remained trapped in low-paying jobs with little chance of advancement
  • Urbanization
    • Industrialization led to mass migration from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities
    • This resulted in overcrowded cities, inadequate housing, and poor sanitation, exacerbating social inequalities and health disparities
  • Changes in Labor Relations
    • Industrialization transformed labor relations by replacing traditional forms of labor with wage labor in factories
    • Workers became dependent on wages for survival, leading to the rise of a proletariat class
  • Technological Advancements

    • Industrialization brought about significant technological advancements, increasing productivity and efficiency in manufacturing processes
    • While these innovations fueled economic growth, they also displaced traditional forms of labor and contributed to social dislocation
  • Explain how industrialization caused change in existing hierarchies and standards of living. Use evidence. 
    • economic shift
    • social mobility
    • urbanization
    • changes in labor reforms
    • technological advancements
    • Evidence for Social Mobility
    The emergence of a middle class composed of factory owners, merchants, and professionals reflected increased social mobility, while working-class individuals often faced harsh living and working conditions
  • Economic Shifts

    • Industrialization shifted economic power from agrarian-based economies to industrialized ones
    • Factories and urban centers became new sources of wealth, leading to the rise of a new industrial capitalist class
  • Evidence for Economic Shifts

    • The Industrial Revolution transformed societies from primarily agricultural to industrial, with urban centers experiencing rapid growth and becoming centers of economic activity
  • Evidence for Urbanization

    • The rapid growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution, such as Manchester in England or Pittsburgh in the United States, illustrates the scale of urbanization driven by industrialization
  • Evidence for Technological Advancements

    1. The invention of steam engines, mechanized looms, and other industrial technologies revolutionized production methods, leading to the mechanization of many industries and the decline of artisanal crafts
  • Evidence in Changes in Labor Relations
    • Factory owners employed large numbers of workers, often under harsh conditions and for long hours, contributing to the formation of labor unions and the emergence of collective bargaining as a tool for workers to negotiate better wages and working conditions