part 2: depression

• when was the wall street crash?

  24th October 1929
• by how much had world trade fallen 4 years after the wall street crash?

  60%
• by 1932, what % of german workers were unemployed?

  24%
• what happened to unemployment benefits after the depression?

  the government reduced them.
• what were the Nazi's 4 objectives?

  • overturn the treaty of versailles
  • destroy communism
  • eradicate the jews
  • achieve lebensraum
• why did the Nazis gain support?

  Hitler's personality: he was a strong leader and good public speaker who travelled the country to give speeches. The population wanted strength in a time of crisis, and the Nazis gave them that.
• how did the Nazis grow through intimidation?

  the SA fought and eliminated political opponents but also protected the Nazis, which gave the Nazis an image of power and authority.
• how did the Nazis have a flexible message?

  they adapted to different audiences: to businessmen the Nazis would solve the great depression and fight communism. For the workers, the Nazis would give employment and food.
• which chancellors could not improve germany's economy?

  Muller and Bruning
• what % of germany voted Nazi in July 1932?

  37%
• between April and December 1932, who were the 3 different chancellors?

  Bruning, von Papen, and von Schleider
• when was Hitler made chancellor?

  January 1933
• In what year did the Nazis gain political power in the Reichstag?

  1932
• when was the Reichstag fire, and who was blamed?

  27th February 1933, the Nazis blamed a Dutch communist.
• how did the Reichstag fire advantage Hitler?

  it allowed him to pass an emergency decree which suspended the Weimar consitution.
• what happened as a result of the Reichstag fire?

  thousands of communists were arrested and the fear of communism was high.
• when and what was the Enabling act?

  23rd March 1933: it meant that Hitler could make laws without the Reichstag. Germany was no longer a democracy.
• what happened on the 14th July 1933?

  all political parties were banned, except for the Nazi party.
• when were trade union leaders arrested?

  may 1933: they were sent to concentration camps. After this all trade unions were banned and all workers were forced to join the German Labour Front (DAF).
• when and what was the night of the long knives?

  30th June 1934: Hitler used the SS to purge the SA. 400 members were killed, including Rohm as well as other opponents , such as von Schleicher. There was now no internal opposition to Hitler.
• when and why did Hitler become Fuhrer?


  August 1934: president Hindenburg died. Hitler merged the roles of Chancellor amd President and called his regime the "third reich".