Stuarts 1.5

• When were the Newcastle proposals released July 1646
• When did Charles reply to the Newcastle proposals Feb 1647
• What did the original newcastle proposals include (3) - Parliamentary control of the military for 20 eyars - Agreement to solemn league and covenant - Abolition of bishops with religion to be controlled by parliament
• How did Charles want newcastle proposals changed (3) - Reduction in parliamentary control of the army to 10 years - Prebyterian church of only 3 years - A complete pardon of his supporters in the First Civil War
• How did Charles negotiate with Scotland - Intentionally surrendered to scotland - Scots wanted an agreement to solemn league and convenant for Scottish support for the army, charles refused to negotiate
• What happened as a result of Charles refusing to negotiate with Scots Charles was handed to Parliament in exchange for £400,000 in February 1647
• When did Parliament push to disband the New Model Army and why In February 1647 as a result of unrest in counties
• what did the push for disbandment of the new model army result in - Army revolt of 1647 as soldiers wanted pat in arrears and guarentee of amnesty before they were disbanded - Army mutinied on the 31st May 1647 and captured Charles
• What did the army publish after their capture of Charles Representation of the Army
• What did the representation of the army demand (3) - Parliament to be dissolved - Liberty of conscience - Parliaments to sit for a fixed length
• How did Charles and the Army negotiate following his capture - August 1647 'Heads of Proposals
• What was included in the demands of the Heads of Proposals (3) - Biennial parliaments - Parliamentary control of the army for 10 years - Bishops power reduced and replaced by liberty of conscience
• Why did the Heads of proposals fail (2) - Delay from charles - Charles knew his tactic was working - Divisions in the army, proposals were submitted by officers who were less radical than the soldiers
• What were the three causes of the emergence of radicalism - Religious Vacuum - Collapse of Censorship - Political Mobilisation
• What as the religious vacuum in terms of a cause for radicalism - Collapse of church of england with its traditional hierarchy creating a vacuum that radicals began to fill
• What was the Collapse of Censorship's effect on the growth in radicalism (2) - Free press developed and radical ideas could be expressed - Radical pamphlets published challenging religious authority
• What was the effect of Political Mobilisation on the growth in radicalsim 1/10 men conscripted to the army, bringing all of their opinions with them
• Where did the levellers emerge from Originated from Puritan Pamphleteers who believed in liberty of conscience
• What were the levellers beliefs (4) - Freedom to choose how to worship - Against Solemn league and covenant - Believed government should be accountable to people not king - Believed in an extended franchise with all men being able to vote
• What text did the levellers in the army produce to represent their aims and when Agreement of the people in October 1647
• What were the main points in the agreement of the people (3) - Biennial parliaments - MPS' to be elected by all men - Parliament to have supreme authority over the land
• What meeting occured as a result of the levellers increasing presence and radical aims and when did it occur Putney Debates - November 1647
• What did the Putney debates indicate - Exposed divisions in ideology between the rank and file who wanted the agreement of the poeple and the generals who wanted the heads of proposals
• How were the levellers repressed - Every soldier had to sign declaration of loyalty to the Army Council
• State the causes for the Second Civil War (3) - Charles - Scottish divisions with parliament - Unhappiness with parliamentary rule
• How did charles cause the second civil war Escaped custody on the 11th November 1647 and feld to Isle of wight
• How did the scottish divisions with parliament cause the second civil war - Scots dissatisfied with parliaments lack of introduction of presbyteriansim as agreed - Charles signed the engagement in december 1647 starting the war
• What did the engagement on the 27th December 1647 agree to - England would have prebyterian worship for 3 years
• State the key chronological events in the Second Civil War and their month/date - Windsor prayer meeting - April 1648 - Royalist uprisings in Essex + Kent - June 1648 - Battle of preston - August 1648 - Surrender of Colchester - August 1648
• What occured at the windsor prayer meeting - Grandees accepted their duty to 'call Charles stuart, that man of blood, to an account for that blood he had shed
• What occured at the Battle of Preston on August 17th 1648 (2) - Scottish engagers commanded by Duke of Hamilton met NMA at Preston, NMA was 9k with scots at 18k men - Hamiltons army surrrendered on August 25th with only 100 NMA men killed
• What were the impacts of the Second Civil War (3) - New Model army Strenghtened as they believed they had divine providence - New Model Army radicalised - windsor prayer meeting for example - Charles' position was now limited
• What occured on the 5th December 1648 to trigger Prides Purge Parliament refused to discuss the Agreement of the people in favour of continuing to negotiate with charles
• When Was Prides Purge 6th December 1648
• What occured during Prides Purge - Colonel pride marched 1,000 men into commones - 110 members were barred from entering the commons leaving the radical rump MP's remaining
• When was charles executed 30th January 1649
• When was Charles I put on trial - Put on trial on the 1st January, trial began on the 20th