Additional Member System

• Used in Scotland, Wales and Greater London Assembly. 1 vote is for constituency members under FPTP (73 Scotland, 40 Wales) for Westminster. 1 vote goes to regional members using PR (56 seats in Scotland, 20 in Wales). Uses the D'Hont formula
• Advantages

  + PR reduces wasted votes

  + Split ticket voting - encourages more parties to run

  + Greater representation, each voter has 7 representatives.

  + Creates coalitions, labour and lib-dem coalition (1999-2003) ensured Scottish students didn't have to pay for uni
• Disadvantages

  - Same as FPTP (for first vote)

  - More complicated

  - Can promote extremist parties, 2011 BNP got 2500 votes in Glasgow region

  - Confusion over who is accountable

  - Minority and coalition governments are more frequent