Angina Pectoris

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Created by
Danika Francesca

Cards (22)

  • Angina pectoris - a medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease.
  • Angina pectoris - occurs when the heart muscle does not get much blood as it needs.
  • Symptoms of Angina Pectoris
    1. Uncomfortable pressure
    2. Feeling of fullness
    3. Squeezing or pain in the center of the chest
    4. Discomfort in the neck, jaw, shoulder, back or arm
  • Nitrates (vasodilators) - relax and widen the blood vessels so more blood flows to the heart.
  • NITRATES
    Nitroglycerin
  • Preparation of Nitrates
    1. injection
    2. buccal
    3. sublingual pill
    4. translingual spray
    5. sustained-release tablets
    6. capsules
    7. transdermal patch
    8. ointment
  • NITRATES SIDE EFFECTS
    1. Headaches
    2. Dizziness
    3. Nausea
    4. Lightheadedness
    5. Restlessness
    6. Stomach discomfort
    7. Skin rash
    8. Dry mouth
    9. Blurring of vision
    10. Hypotension
    11. arrhythmia
  • NITRATES
    Sustained-release tablet or capsule should be given on an empty stomach. Swallow the tablet or capsule whole.
  • NITRATES
    For translingual spray: do not shake canister. Spray preferably on or under tongue. Do not inhale spray. Instruct patient to wait at least 10 seconds before swallowing.
  • NITRATES
    Put transdermal ointment onto a non-hairy skin surface. Avoid getting ointment on fingers. Rotate application sites to prevent dermal inflammation and sensitization.
  • Aspirin - reduces blood clotting, making it easier for blood to flow through narrowed heart arteries. Preventing blood clots can reduce the risk of heart attack.
  • ASPIRIN SIDE EFFECTS
    1. Hypersensitivity (bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock)
    2. Dizziness
    3. Confusion
    4. drowsiness
    5. tinnitus, hearing loss
    6. Vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, anorexia, heartburn, stomach pains, ulcerations, occult bleeding
    7. Thrombocytopenia
    8. Hemolytic anemia
    9. Petechiae, easy bruising, rash
    10. Impaired renal function
  • ASPIRIN
    Give with a full glass of water (240 ml), milk, food or antacid to minimize gastric irritation.
  • Clot-preventing drugs - make blood platelets less likely to stick together, so blood does not clot. This is recommended if the patient can’t take aspirin.
  • CLOT-PREVENTING DRUGS
    1. Clopidogrel
    2. Prasugrel
    3. Ticagrelor
  • SIDE EFFECTS OF ANGINA PECTORIS
    1. Flu-like syndrome
    2. Fatigue
    3. Pain
    4. Arthralgia
    5. Back pain
    6. Chest pain
    7. Edema
    8. HPN
    9. Thrombolytic purpura
    10. Abdominal pain
    11. Dyspepsia
    12. Diarrhea
    13. Nausea
    14. Hypercholesterolemia
    15. Epistaxis
    16. Headache
    17. Dizziness
    18. Depression
    19. Upper respiratory infection
    20. Dyspnea
    21. Rhinitis
    22. Bronchitis
    23. Cough
    24. Rash
    25. Pruritus
  • CLOT-PREVENTING DRUGS
    Do not use in breastfeeding mothers or those who are scheduled for surgery at least 7 days before surgery.
  • CLOT-PREVENTING DRUGS
    NSAIDS - increase risk of bleeding
  • CLOT PREVENTING DRUGS
    Feverfew, garlic, ginger, gingko - herbals that increase risk of bleeding
  • RANOLAZINE (Ranexa) – this may be prescribed for chronic stable angina that does not get better with other medications. It may be used alone or with other angina medications, such as calcium channel blockers, beta blockers or nitroglycerin.
  • Side effects of Ranolazine
    1. Lightheadedness
    2. Fast or pounding heartbeats
    3. Fluttering in the chest
    4. Little or no urination
    5. Painful or difficult urination
    6. Swelling in the feet or ankles
    7. Shortness of breath
    8. Nausea
    9. Constipation
    10. Headache
    11. Dizziness
    12. Bradycardia
    13. Vertigo
    14. Hematuria
    15. Dyspnea
    16. Hyperhidrosis
    17. hypotension
  • Should not be taken with ranolazine
    1. Rifampicin
    2. Phenobarbital
    3. Phenytoin
    4. Carbamazepine
    5. St. John's Wort