‘Normal’

• What is Rudaceous mean?


  Coarse Grained
• What does Arenaceous Mean


  Medium Grained
• What does Argrillaceous mean?


  Fine Grained
• How large are Arenaceous Rocks?


  1/16 - 2mm
• How large are Agrillaceous Rocks?


  <1/16mm
• What are the Rudaceous Rocks?

  1. Breccia
  2. Conglomerate
• How Large are Arenaceous Rocks?


  1/16 - 2mm
• What are the Arenaceous Rocks?

  1. Desert Sandstone
  2. Orthroquartzite
  3. Arkose
  4. Greywacke
• What are the Agrillaceous Rocks?

  1. Clay
  2. Mudstone
  3. Shale
• Breccia is..

  1. Angular
  2. Poorly Sorted
  3. Rudaceous
• Conglomerate is…

  1. Rounded
  2. Poorly Sorted
  3. Rudaceous
• Desert Sandstone is…

  1. Well-sorted
  2. Well-rounded
  3. Arenaceous
• Orthroquartzite is…

  1. well-rounded
  2. well-sorted
  3. Arenaceous
• Arkose is…

  1. Moderately Sorted
  2. sub-angular to sub-rounded
• Greywacke is…

  1. Poorly sorted
  2. Angular to sub-angular
  3. Arenacrous
• Clay is…

  1. Agrillaceous
  2. Mainly Clay Minerals
  3. Variety of Colours depending on Carbon/Iron content
  4. Higher the organic content, darker the clay
  5. forms layers, distinct bedding planes
• Shale is…

  1. Agrillaceous
  2. Dark coloured
  3. Flat and Platey
  4. Parallel to beds at 90 due to pressure
  5. Easily Splite - Fissile
  6. Clay minerals, mica and quartz
  7. Hard, brittle and impermeable
• Mudstone is…

  1. Argillaceous
  2. Contains clay, mica and quartz
  3. no preffered allignment
  4. no plasticity
• Breccia has;

  1. Rock fragment
  2. Matrix

  Commonly forms:

  1. As scree and alluvial fans
  2. pyroclastic rocks from a volcanic vent
• Conglomerate has:

  1. Rockfragments, Quartz
  2. Matrix

  Commonly forms:

  1. Beach and river channel deposits
• Desert Sandstone has:

  1. Quartz
  2. Cement
  3. Is red in colour due to haematite
  4. Frosted appearence

  Commonly Forms:

  1. Arid environments
• Orthroquartzite has:

  1. Only Quartz (Quartz Cement)
  2. Grey/White in colour

  Commonly Forms:

  1. beach and Shallow marine
• Greywacke has:

  1. Mica, rock fragment, Quartz
  2. Clay matrix (>15%)
  3. Dark Coloured

  Commonly forms:

  1. Turbidite deposits (deep water, deposited by turbidity current
  2. Often shows graded bedding
• Arkose has:

  1. Rock fragment, pink feldspar, Quartz
  2. Matrix
  3. 25% feldspar (pink in colour sometimes)

  Commonly found:

  1. alluvial fan environments
• Matrix


  The finer material often sand, silt and clay surrounding the clasts.

  Made of small grains so will have good permeability
• Cement


  Material precipitated from solution to stick the sediment together.

  Cement is crystals, If well cemented then will have low permeability