lipids

• Saturated fatty acids

  Have no double bonds

  • found in animals
• Unsaturated fatty acids


  Have double bonds

  • found in plants
• Polyunsaturated fatty acids


  Have multiple double bonds
• Monounsaturated fatty acids


  Have one double bond
• Triglycerides


  Made of 1 molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids, joined by esther bonds formed by condensation reactions
• R group


  Straight chain of carbon atoms
• Emulsion


  Mixing of water and fats
• Emulsion test for lipids


  1. Add sample and ethanol into test tube

  2. Shake vigorously to dissolve lipid in alcohol

  3. Cloudy-white colour indicates presence of lipids
• Phospholipids


  • One of the 3 fatty acids of a triglyceride is substituted by a phosphate-containing group
  • Phosphate heads are hydrophilic (loves water) and tails are hydrophobic (hates water)