Imaging, Endoscopic, and Laboraroty Procedures

• Imaging Procedure


  barium enema / lower GI enema – is a type of contrast enema, a barium sulfate, retained in the lower GI tract for fluoroscopic and radiographic studies of the abnormalities in the lower intestinal tract
• Imaging Procedure


  esophagram (barium swallow) – a radiological evaluation of the esophagus while administering a barium sulfate suspension under fluoroscopic guidance.
• Imaging Procedure


  cholecystography (Graham-Cole test) – radiographic study of the gallbladder after gallbladder series administration of a radiopaque contrast medium; used to evaluate functioning of the gallbladder and to determine the presence of disease or gallstones.
• Imaging Procedure


  cholecystography (Graham-Cole test) – radiographic study of the gallbladder after gallbladder series administration of a radiopaque contrast medium; used to evaluate functioning of the gallbladder and to determine the presence of disease or gallstones.
• Imaging Procedure


  CT scan (liver, spleen) – visualization of the liver after a radioactive substance is injected intravenously (IV) and absorbed by the liver cells; used for diagnosing cysts, ruptures, tumors, abscesses, and other abnormalities
• Imaging Procedure


  Cholangiopancreatography – contrast radiographic examination of the bile ducts and the pancreas after injection of radiopaque dye
• Imaging Procedure


  liver scan – injection of radioactive material capable of penetrating liver cells, followed by the use of a special scanner to record the radiation emitted from the cells.
• Imaging Procedure


  sialography – radiological examination of the salivary glands and ducts after injection of a radiopaque contrast agent.
• Imaging Procedure


  sonography or ultrasonography – ultrasound is used to produce an image or photograph of an organ or tissue. Ultrasonic echoes are recorded as they strike tissues of different densities.
• Imaging Procedure

  abdominal sonogram – ultrasound imaging of the abdomen to detect disease or deformities in digestive organs such as the gallbladder, liver and pancreas as well as vascular structures
• Imaging Procedure

  upper GI series – radiographic examination of upper GI tract after barium sulfate, a liquid contrast medium, is swallowed; used for diagnosing obstruction and other abnormalities of the esophagus, duodenum, and stomach
• Endoscopic Procedure

  Colonoscopy – visual examination of the colon using a colonoscope; may permit the removal of polyps or tissue for biopsy; used to confirm or establish a diagnosis
• Endoscopic Procedure

  Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) – visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using an endoscope.
• Endoscopic Procedure

  Esophagoscopy – use of an esophagoscope for visual examination of or removal of a foreign object from the esophagus.
• Endoscopic Procedure

  Gastroscopy – visual examination of the interior of the stomach using a gastroscope inserted through the mouth and esophagus.
• Endoscopic Procedure

  Proctosigmoidoscopy – visual examination of the rectum and sigmoidoscopy the sigmoid colon using a sigmoidoscope or proctoscope; may permit the removal of polyps, tissue for biopsy; used to confirm or established a diagnosis.
• Laboratory Procedure

  alkaline phosphatase – blood level test of this enzyme are used to determine various diseases associated with liver and bone disorders.
• Laboratory Procedure

  aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) – microscopic study of cells obtained from superficial or internal lesions by suction through a fine needle; used primarily as a diagnostic procedure, usually to detect nuclear and cytoplasmic changes in tissue, especially those associated with cancer.
• Laboratory Procedure

  fasting blood sugar (FBS) – measures blood glucose level after a 12 hour fast
• Laboratory Procedure

  glucose tolerance test (GTT) – a blood test involving glucose analysis after digestion of a concentrate glucose dose; used to diagnose diabetics and hypoglycemia.
• Laboratory Procedure


  liver biopsy – a diagnostic procedure in which a large -bore needle removes a core of liver tissue for histological examination.
• Laboratory Procedure

  hepatitis panel – a series of test including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), hepatitis A antibody (Haab), and hepatitis C antibody; used to determine various forms of viral hepatitis
• Laboratory Procedure

  occult blood – a chemical test or microscopic examination for blood, especially in feces, that is not apparent on visual inspection; determines bleeding in GI disorders; helps to detect colon cancer.
• Laboratory Procedure

  stool culture – microbiological procedure in which microorganisms in feces are grown in media or nutrient material.
• Laboratory Procedure

  anastomosis – surgical connection of two tubular structures ileorectal surgical anastomosis of the ileum and rectum after total colectomy, as is sometimes performed in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
• Laboratory Procedure

  intestinal anastomosis – establishment of a communication between two formerly distant portions of the intestine.
• Laboratory Procedure

  biliary lithotripsy – procedure that destroys gallstones using shock waves; gallstones pass out of the body painlessly in pulverized form.
• Laboratory Procedure

  colostomy – creation of an opening (mouth) of some portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to its outside surface, to divert fecal flow to a colostomy bag
• Laboratory Procedure

  pyloromyotomy – incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis