Base deletion or addition- base lost/ added causing a frameshift mutation

In introns (non coding)this has no effect
A mutation is a change in the base sequence of dna. Mutagenic agents such as UV and chemicals increase the likelihood of this
Base inversion- two breaks in the dna chain and flips 180 degrees
Base translocation-gene breaks off and attaches to another gene
Base substitution- wrong base included
Base duplication- gene is copied 2x. One can develop mutations whilst the other remains functional- IMPORTANT FOR EVOLUTION
Dna bases (A T, CG) when arranged in a certain way code for specific amino acids which then makes proteins. Due to the genetic nature of the genetic code some amino acids can be coded for by multiple sequences of bases
