Atomic Structure

• What is the RAM of a proton

  1
• What is the RAM of an neutron

  1
• What is the RAM of an electron

  1/2000
• What is the charge of a proton


  +1
• What is the charge of a neutron

  0
• What is the charge of an electron

  -1
• atoms have an equal amount of protons and electrons so they have no overall charge
• what is a mass number of an element

  the combined number of protons and neutrons
• what is the atomic number of an element

  the number of protons (the same number of electrons)
• how do you find the amount of neutrons in an atom

  you subtract the relative atomic mass by the atomic number
• What is the electron structure rule

  the 2:8:8 rule
• what does the 2:8:8 rule describe

  That there is 2 max electrons in the 1st shell and 8 max electrons in the 2nd and 3rd shell
• what does inert mean

  unreactive
• what is an isotope 


  atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
• how to calculate the RAM of an element

  (abundance1*mass1) + (abundance2*mass2)/100
• liquid and gases are known as fluids
• Describe the arrangement of particles in the 3 states

  solid: ordered

  liquid: random

  gas: random
• Describe the distance between particles in the 3 states

  solid: touching

  liquid: touching

  gas: spread out
• describe the movement of particles in the 3 states

  solid: vibrations in a fixed position

  liquid: flowing randomly

  gas: flowing randomly, quickly
• describe the forces of attraction between particles in the 3 states

  solid: strong

  liquid: weak

  gas: very weak
• What particle is this particle diagram showing 


  Solid

  
• what particle is this particle diagram showing 


  Liquid

  
• what particle is this particle diagram showing

  Gas

  
• What are the limitations of the particle diagram 


  it doesn't take into account:

  the force between particles

  the size of the particles

  the space between particles
• What is the length of most atomic radii and bond lengths 


  $10^{-10}m\$
• Describe the structure of an atom

  protons and neutrons are joined in the nucleus

  electrons are surrounding the nucleus in shells
• Label this structure of an atom

  A = proton

  B = neutron

  C = nucleus

  D = electron

  E = shells

  
• how do you find the amount of protons in an atom



  look at the atomic number
• how do you find the amount of electrons in an atom



  look at the atomic number as there are the same number of protons and electrons in an atom
• what are ions 


  charged particles formed when atoms loose or gain electrons