L10-12 quiz

Cards (21)

  • when sound waves enter the ear, the first obstacle they encounter is the

    tympanum
  • the tympanum is also know as the 

    eardrum
  • the middle ear is filled with
    air
  • the Organ of Corti is also known as the 

    spiral organ
  • the Organ of Corti
    • sterocilia on the apical surface of the hair cells project into the tectorial membrane
    • hairs cells sit upon the basilar membrane
  • during accommodation to view a close object:
    the ciliary muscle contracts, which releases tension on the suspensory ligaments therefore the lens becomes more curved
  • in theory, the human ear could detect sound frequencies as high as
    20,000 Hz
  • detection of a certain sound frequency:
    • the basilar membrane vibrates at certain locations, dependent on the sound frequency detected
    • hair cells sitting on the membrane at this location vibrate
    • the hair cells' sterocilia, which are embedded in the tectorial membrane, bend and this causes the opening of an ion channel
    • potassium ions from the surrounding endolymph enter the hair cell, the cell is depolarised
    • calcium ions enter the cell, a neurotransmitter is released and this results in sensory neuron activation
  • within the cochlea:
    • the tectorial membrane lies within the scala media (cochlear duct)
    • the scala media (cochlear duct) contains a fluid called endolymph
    • the scala tympani contains perilymph
  • within the semi-circular ducts, hair cells are embedded in 

    a cupula
  • there are 3 ossicles
  • in the dark, retinal isomerase, converts trans-retinal back to cis-retinal
  • the 2 components of rhodopsin are the protein opsin and retinal
  • the basilar membrane enables detection of high frequency sound waves near the oval window and low frequency sound detection towards the apex of the cochlea
  • within the utricle and saccule, there are many hair cells which each have both sensory and motor connections to the brain
  • skin occurs as thick skin in the palms, fingertips sand soles of the feet, and thin covering the rest of the body, which epithelial layer is less apparent in thin skin?
    stratum lucidum
  • there are many keratinocytes in the stratum corneum of the integument
  • the papillary layer of the dermis:
    • consists of areolar tissue
    • contains the ridges responsible for fingertips
  • the nail cuticle is also known as
    eponychium
  • eccrine sudoriferous glands secrete approximately 600ml of sweat per day, in adults
  • lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles are sensitive to deep pressure in the integument