Lecccc

• Upturn in demand for oral care due to closure of dental clinics (2020)
• Oral care records 6% current value growth in 2020 to reach Php 31B
• Unit prices of power toothbrushes dropped due to discounting strategies
• Colgate-Palmolive Phils. Strengthened leadership with 48% value share
• Oral care predicted to record a 9% current value CAGR for the forecast period
• Human Oral Cavity


  • Most complex and most accessible microbial ecosystem of the human body
  • Includes the lips, buccal mucosa, salivary glands, gums, teeth, palate which forms the roof of the mouth, tongue, and floor of the mouth
  • Its parts all provide different surfaces for microbial colonization
  • Constant production of saliva and presence of sugars and amino acids from foods will provide nutrients for microbial growth

  
• Crown


  Visible part that extends above the gum (gingiva)
• Root


  Sits in the upper or lower jawbone, remains invisible until recession of the gums exposes some root surfaces

  
• Neck


  Boundary between root and crown
• Gingiva


  Mucosa that covers the upper and lower jaws, and surrounds the neck of the teeth

  
• Dental cavity (pulp cavity)


  Soft connective tissue containing nerves and blood vessels from the root canal
• Root canal


  Located at the base of the tooth
• Dentin forming cells


  Found in the dental cavity and in the boundary between the dental cavity and dentin

  
• Enamel


  • Hardest substance in the human body
  • White outer part of the tooth
  • Prevents the tooth from wearing away under pressure of chewing
  • Contains calcium hydroxyapatite which starts to dissolve below pH 5.5

  
• Dentin


  • Yellowish bone-like layer surrounding the dental cavity
  • Forms the largest portion of the tooth
  • Less dense than the enamel, thus it is more porous, softer, more sensitive, and more susceptible to decay and wear if exposed

  
• Cementum


  • Special connective tissue that covers the dentin at the root
  • Binds the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone, and anchored in the jaw by the periodontal ligament

  
• Remineralization and Demineralization


  1. pH of fruit juices and carbonated drinks is known to be below 5.5

  2. Saliva can buffer the pH and contains a carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer which neutralizes acid intake

  3. Under normal conditions, the enamel tends to remineralize from the saliva and minor carious lesions may be repaired between meals

  4. Sodium phosphate combined with fluoride and phosphoric acid in toothpastes promotes remineralization and prevents enamel dissolution
• Common Oral and Dental Care Problems


  • Plaque
  • Dental Caries
  • Dental Calculus (Tartar Formation)
  • Gum Diseases (Periodontal Disease)
  • Tooth Sensitivity
  • Dental Stains (Teeth Discoloration)
  • Bad Breath (Halitosis)

  
• Plaque


  Sticky, colorless film of bacteria and sugars that form on the teeth as we consume food
• Dental Caries


  Diseases resulting in the breakdown and destruction of the enamel due to demineralization

  
• Dental Calculus (Tartar Formation)


  Hardened or calcified plaque that causes yellowish-brown discoloration to the teeth

  
• Gum Diseases (Periodontal Disease)


  Infection of the gums that can progress to affect bone that surround and support the teeth

  
• Tooth Sensitivity


  Brief episodes of sharp well-localized pain when subjected to various stimuli

  
• Dental Stains (Teeth Discoloration)


  Spots or small areas on the teeth contrast with the rest of the tooth's color

  
• Bad Breath (Halitosis)


  Oral malodor due to foods, alcohol, tobacco, or medications, diseases such as gum disease, digestive or metabolic disorders
• Intrinsic discolorations


  Enamel or dentin in the tooth darkens, therefore the teeth get a yellow tint
• Causes of intrinsic discolorations


  • Dental material like caries, trauma, infections, medications such as using tetracyclines and even excessive intake of fluoride while the teeth is still developing

  
• Extrinsic stains


  Caused by certain molecules and metal ions which might be found in our diet
• Sources of extrinsic stains


  • Coffee, tea, wine, and tobacco
• If tooth discoloration is not treated it can affect the appearance of the person's smile causing temporary or permanent social and psychological problems

  
• Halitosis


  Oral malodor
• Causes of oral malodor


  • Foods, alcohol, tobacco, or medications
  • Gum disease
  • Digestive or metabolic disorders
• Causes of oral malodor from bacteria


  1. Bacteria in the oral cavity produce a range of malodors

  2. Influenced by eating, drinking, oral hygiene, and sleep

  3. Reduced saliva flow during sleep leads to bacteria buildup and oral malodor
• Toothpaste


  Paste or gel designed to help remove plaque and stains from the teeth

  
• Toothpaste composition


  • Contains abrasive ingredients, coloring, flavoring, foam, and sweeteners that make toothpaste smooth and moist

  
• Toothpaste functions


  • Keeps breath fresh
  • Improves mechanical brushing and cleaning power of a toothbrush

  
• Mouthwash


  Liquid designed to refresh the breath and enhance oral hygiene
• Mouthwash usage


  Intended to be used AFTER BRUSHING for more effective cleaning effect
• Tooth whitening products


  Make teeth brighter in dental office settings, salons, shopping centers, or at home
• Tooth whitening products


  • Contains ingredients that remove teeth discoloration