gregor

• Genetics - is the science which deals with how genes control the biological characteristics
• Gregor Mendel - initiated the study of this particular branch of biology.
• At the age of 18, he was accepted to the University of Olomouc in 1840 where he studied physics, mathematics, and philosophy.
• In 1866, he published his study on heredity.
• Blending Theory of Inheritance - Prior belief that a progeny will have traits that are a smooth blend between the parents’ characteristics
• Mendel choose garden peas or Pisum sativum because they grow fast and are easy to cultivate, have numerous distinguishable traits. He was able to grow about 30,000 pea plants.
• Characters - are the heritable traits of an organism.
• Traits - are the descriptions or variations in the characters.
• Mendel performed hybridization studies where he crossed true-breeding plants with contrasting traits.
• P gen - parental generation
• F1 gen - first filial generation
• F2 gen - second filial generation
• Mendel supported the 3:1 pattern of inheritance he observed in the F2 generations through several concepts.
• The genes are the heritable factors in organisms. The alleles are the alternative versions of genes.  
• Each allele is inherited from a parent.
• The dominant allele will mask the expression of recessive allele.
• Gregor Mendel was a monk who established much, through pea plant study, of what is currently known regarding the inheritance of traits.
• Dominant traits are ones that are expressed. Recessive traits are ones that only surface if the organism has no allele for the dominant trait.
• Genes are coded for in an organism’s DNA. These are expressed into traits, and alternative expressions of these traits are called alleles.