Research methods

• Demand characteristics is when a participants works out the aims of the study and starts changing their behaviour.
• Investigator effects are any unwanted influences of the investigator on the research outcome.
• Independent group design

  When a participant only takes part in 1 condition of the study.
• Repeated measure group design

  When a participant takes part in all conditions of the study.
• Covert observation: Participants being observed w/o their knowledge

  Overt: Participants know they are being observed.
• Random sample: All members of target population have equal chance of being selected.

  Systematic sample: Participants picked using a system (Every nth person)

  Stratified sample: Different sub groups in a population identified, and gather participants proportionally to how much they appear in a population.
• Opportunity sample: Participants picked right at the time of the study.

  Volunteer sample: Participants pick themselves through things like newspaper adverts.