L10-12 quiz

• ideal vaccine:

  • no side effects or contraindications
  • administered orally rather than injected
  • stable without the requirement for cold storage
  • cheap
  • provide long term protection with single immunisation
• pathogenesis of chronic schistosomiasis:

  1. egg deposition
  2. inflammation
  3. granuloma formation
  4. obstruction of urinary tract or portal circulation
  5. fibrosis
• major concern with live attenuated vaccines is reversion to virulence
• aim of vaccination is to prime the humoral immune system to antigens of a particular pathogen so that upon subsequent exposure a secondary type immune response is elicited
• passive immunisation refers to the practice of transferring protection against disease using immune serum
• vaccination has been most effective against diseases caused by viruses
• tapeworm attachment organ is called


  scolex
• ampicillin affects _ most likely by its mode of action

  gram negative bacteria
• quinine affects _ most likely by its mode of action

  Plasmodium
• doxycycline affects _ and _ most likely by its mode of action

  Plasmodium and Gram negative bacteria
• Praziquantel affects _ most likely by its mode of action

  schistosomes
• beef tapeworm is also known as


  Taenia saginata
• schistosome life cycle (starting with stage released from the snail intermediate host)

  1. cercariae
  2. schistosomula
  3. adult worms
  4. eggs
  5. miracidium
• the number of primary uterine branches in the gravid proglottids of T. saginata and T. solium can be used to differentiate between species so are important for diagnosis
• adult schistosome worms are dioecious
• S. haematobium lives in the vesical plexus surrounding the bladder and causes urinary schistosomiasis
• human schistosomiasis is an immunopathological disease
• miracidia are the life cycle which infect snails
• cercarial dermatitis is caused by cercariae burrowing through skin causing an allergic reaction