Circulation

• Functions of human blood

  • Maintains a certain pH, temperature, osmotic pressure
  • Transports hormones, nutrients, gases
• Components of blood

  • Plasma (liquid portion)
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Platelets
• Hemoglobin


  Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that gives blood its red coloring
• Heart anatomy


  • Divided into two distinct and separated partitions: a deoxygenated, or low-oxygen partition, and an oxygenated partition
• Arteries


  Generally carry blood "away" from the heart
• Veins


  Generally carry blood "to" the heart
• Capillaries


  Small blood vessels where oxygen is delivered to organs and tissues and where carbon dioxide will also be picked up to travel back to the lungs
• The heart needs its own blood supply to deliver oxygen and glucose through coronary arteries
• Atrial septal defect


  Oxygen-rich blood could mix with oxygen-poor blood, potentially causing problems like abnormal heartbeat, stroke, or heart failure
• Arteries


  Generally carry blood away from the heart
• Veins


  Generally carry blood to the heart
• Capillaries


  Small blood vessels where oxygen is delivered to organs and tissues and carbon dioxide is picked up
• Heart chambers

  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle
• Atria


  At the top of the heart, have thinner walls than ventricles
• Ventricles


  At the bottom of the heart, have thicker walls than atria
• Heart valves


  One-way structures that help separate the chambers and prevent backflow of blood
• Coronary arteries


  Deliver blood supply to the heart
• Coronary veins


  Take deoxygenated blood from the heart to the right atrium
• The heart beats over 100,000 times per day and every beat is coordinated to direct blood where it should go
• Pathway of blood through the heart

  Vena Cava

  Right atrium

  Tricuspid valve

  Right ventricle

  Pulmonary valve

  Pulmonary artery

  Lungs

  Pulmonary veins

  Left atrium

  Bicuspid valve

  Left ventricle

  Aortic valve

  Aorta