adaptation reference test basic knowledge

• Physiological evolved modifications


  • Modifications to an organism's internal functioning or metabolic processes
• Behavioural evolved modifications


  • Modifications to an organism's actions
• Structural evolved modifications


  • Modifications to an organism's physical structure
• Asexual reproduction


  Producing offspring without the fusion of gametes, cloning a genetically identical organism or section of DNA
• Binary fission


  A type of asexual reproduction where one organism divides into two identical organisms
• Clone


  A genetically identical organism and a section of DNA
• Reproductive cloning


  Technologies artificially induced human interventions to produce genetically identical clones
• Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)

  The transference of a somatic cell nucleus into an enucleated egg cell
• Enucleated


  A cell that has had its nucleus removed or destroyed
• Abiotic factor


  A property of the environment relating to non-living things
• Abiotic factors


  • temperature
  • nutrient availability
  • water availability
• Biotic factor


  A property of the environment relating to living things
• Tolerance range


  The range of environmental conditions in which an organism can survive
• Endotherm


  An animal that produces most of its own heat via metabolic processes
• Ectotherm


  An animal that obtains heat primarily from the environment, rather than its own metabolic heat
• Symbiosis


  An interaction between two organisms of different species living in close proximity to each other
• Mutualism


  Interactions between two organisms of different species where both parties experience some overall benefit
• Commensalism


  Interactions between two organisms of different species where one gains some benefit while the other experiences no significant benefit or harm
• Predation


  Interactions between different species where one organism hunts and kills another organism for food
• Parasitism


  Interactions between two organisms of different species where one organism obtains nutrients at the expense of a host organism
• Amensalism


  Interactions between two organisms of different species where one organism experiences no significant benefit or harm