Ionic Bonding

• Ionic Bonding

  • Metal + Non-metal
  • Both atoms must have complete shells
  • Includes +ve & -ve ions
• Drawing Ionic Bonds

  • [ ] = is an ion
  • Use dot & cross
  • Same atoms/ions drawn side by side
  • MUST write charge; # b4 sign - 3+/7-
• Ionic Bonding: ions

  • Loses electron -> positive ion
  • Gains electron -> negative ion
  • G4 gains electrons cuz its easier (exception)
• Compound Ions

  • There's 5
  • Made from group of atoms
  • Not in periodic table
  • Must memorize
• Ratio of Ions

  • # of electrons needed to gain/lose (og charge)
  • Switch charges when combining elements (swing em)
  • eg:
  • Al +3 + O -2 = Al2O3
  • eg:
  • 1 : 2 = 1 atom needs 2 others to get full shell
• Properties of Ionic Compounds

  • High melting & boiling points
  • Contains oppositely charged ions
  • Giant: can grow bigger
  • Usually soluble in water
  • Hard but brittle
• Ionic compounds form lattices & crystals when solid - crystals form from lattice
• Ionic lattice can grow in all directions
• Heating Ionic Compounds

  • +ve & -ve ions have strong attraction
  • Give away more e- = stronger attraction
  • Strong & needs a lot of heat to break
• Ionic: Electricity Conduction

  • Electricity happens when electrons are moving
  • Solids can't conduct - ions bonded in lattice
  • Liquid/molten can conduct - ions can break free