sociology- education

• Marxism - 

  karl marx with 2 major class groupings - bourgeoisie own the means of production (land, factories, wealth) - proletariat have only their labour power to sell. The bourgeoisie exploit the prolateriat.

  Structural theory looking at society as a whole
• Functionalism -

  Durkheim with clockwork analogy- society is a set of interrelated parts made up of things like family, media, school, work which maintain and contribute to the existence of society. 

  Society works off a consensus- agreement of basic values

  Structural theory looking at society as a whole
• • Culture values attitudes beliefs and practices
• • Interpretivism subjective, non-scientific, qualitative, validity (truth)
• • Positivism objective, scientific, quantitative, reliability (same every time), comte the methods of the natural science are appropriate for the study of human behaviour.
• • Research methodsobservation, experiments, interviews, official statistics, questionnaires, personal documents
• Applied to education- 

  Functionalism- durkheim identified functions of education (how education maintains and contributes to the existence of society)
• applied to education -

  Marxism- education system reproduces the class system. Children of the bourgeoisie receive a bourgeoisie education and the proletariat children receive state education. PUBLIC vs PRIVATE. Education system legitimates inequality.
• Chubb and moe - conducted a study comparing the attainment levels of pupils from low-income households using parental surveys, statistics, and case studies. They found that state education is not meritocratic, as pupils from low-income households were less able to succeed.