Henry VII - Religion

• What was the religion of England and who's jurisdiction was in under?

  -Catholicism

  -The Pope in Rome
• How many parish churches were there?

  Over 8,000
• What were guilds and confraternities?

  Voluntary associations of individuals treated to promote works of Christian charity and devotion
• How did the Church help social and political elites stay in control?

  -Encouraged good behaviour and obedience

  -Stressed the values of community
• What opportunity did the Church provide for Cardinal Wolsey?

  The opportunity for social advancement through the attainment of high office in Church and state
• What was the relationship between the Church and the state?

  Erastian
• How many provinces were there and who controlled them?

  -2, York and Canterburry

  -Archbishops
• How many diocese were there and who controlled them?

  -17

  -Bishops
• What did senior clergy often do?

  Participate in politics
• Which two churchmen had the most political influence?

  John Morton and Richard Fox
• Which office was dominated by clergymen?

  Chancellor
• Which clergymen were members of the house of lords?

  Abbots and bishops
• What were the seven sacraments?

  -Baptism

  -Confirmation

  -Marriage

  -Anointing of the sick

  -Penance

  -Holy Orders

  -Eucharist
• Why was mass important?

  -It was a sacrament performed by the priest on behalf of the community

  -It was a sacred ritual in which the whole community participated
• Why did benefactors leave money ro chantries?

  -To benefit their religious experience

  -To benefit the religious experience of the community
• What king of things did confraternities pay for?

  -funerals

  -paying chaplains

  -maintaining church fabric

  -charitable donations
• What sort of things did the wealthier confraternities do?

  -Ran schools

  -Maintained bridges, highways and sea walls

  -rebuilt church spires
• Why did people go on pilgrimages?

  To gain relief from purgatory
• What was the most popular pilgrimage site?

  The tomb of Thomas Becket at Canterbury
• Why were pilgrimages so common?

  They were accesible because there were many pilgrimage sites
• What happened on Rogation Sunday?


  The community would walk round the parish boundaries to pray for its protection
• What does Rogation Sunday show?

  The importance of the parish as the key focus of local community for ordinary people
• what percentage of adult males were monks?

  1%
• How many monasteries and nunneries were there?

  750
• What was the oldest and most common religious order?

  The Benedictines
• Where were a large proportion of the monks in the larger religious houses drawn from?

  The wealthier parts of society
• What did friars do?

  They worked among lay people
• How were friars payed?

  Largely by charitable donations
• What were the three main orders of friars?

  -The Dominicans

  -The Franciscans

  -The Augustinians
• Where were friars recruited. from in the social scale?

  Lower down than large monasteries
• How wealthy were nunneries?

  Most were relatively poor
• Who populated nunneries?

  Women who were deemed unsuitable for marriage
• Who founded lollardy?

  John Wycliffe
• When did lollardy emerge?

  14th century
• What were Lollard beliefs?

  -Stressing understanding of the Bible and favouring its translation into English

  -Sceptical of transubstantiation and the eucharist and considered the Catholic Church corrupt

  -Denying the special status of priests
• Where did lollardy mainly exist?

  The south of England
• How were lollard views considered?

  Heresy
• When did lollardy loose popularity?

  After a failed lollard rising in 1414
• When was the burning of heretics introduced to English law?

  1401
• What usually motivated significant busts of anti clericalism?

  politics