1FTTH _ MLLN

• Topics


  • FTTH Technology
  • MLLN
• FTTH


  Fiber To The Home
• Growing demand for high speed internet is the primary driver for the new access technologies which enable experiencing true broadband
• Traditional technologies like DSL and cable modem cannot fulfill today's customer demand for bandwidth hungry applications
• Fiber in the local loop


  Required for providing multi-play services (voice, video, data etc.) and other futuristic services
• FTTx


  Fiber networks with different termination points: building (FTTB), home (FTTH), curb (FTTC) etc.
• FTTH


  Telecommunications architecture where optical fiber cable extends from central office to optical network terminal at each premise
• FTTB


  Telecommunications architecture where optical fiber cable extends from central office to optical network unit at the boundary of the building, then copper loops to subscriber
• FTTC


  Installing optical fiber cable by the curb near the user's home, then copper cable between ONU and user
• Advantages of FTTH


  • Provides end-users with a broad range of communications and entertainment services, and faster activation of new services
  • Competition is beginning to offer a "multi-play" bundle
  • Provides Service Provider's with the ability to provide "cutting edge" technology and "best-in-class" services
  • Deploying fiber optic cable to each premise will provide an extraordinary amount of bandwidth for future services
  • Provides carriers with an opportunity to increase ARPU, reduce capital investment, and lower operating costs
  • Provides the community with superior communications which enhance local business efficiency
• FTTH architecture options


  • Active Optical Network
  • Passive Optical Network (PON)
• Home Run Fiber (Point-to-Point)


  Dedicated fiber line from central office to each subscriber premise
• Active Star Ethernet (Point-to-Multi Point)

  Multiple premises share one feeder fiber through an Ethernet switch between central office and premises
• Passive Optical Network (PON)

  Point-to-multipoint architecture with OLT in central office and ONT/ONU at subscriber premises
• OLT


  Optical Line Terminal in central office that provides aggregation and switching functionality between core network and PON interfaces
• ONU/ONT


  Optical Network Unit/Terminal at subscriber premises that provides user interfaces
• CPE


  Customer Premises Equipment
• OLT


  Optical Line Terminal - resides in the Central Office (CO) and provides aggregation and switching functionality between the core network and PON interfaces
• ONU/ONT


  Optical Network Unit/Optical Network Terminal - provides access to the users and user interfaces towards the customers and uplink interfaces to uplink local traffic towards OLT
• PON


  Passive Optical Network - uses distributed or single staged passive optical splitters/combiners to provide connectivity between OLT and multiple ONU/ONTs through one or two optical fibers
• NMS


  Network Management System - manages the complete PON system from OLT
• PON operation


  1. One OLT serves multiple ONU/ONTs

  2. TDM/TDMA protocol between OLT & ONT

  3. Single Fiber/ Dual Fiber to be used for upstream & downstream

  4. Provision to support protection for taking care of fiber cuts, card failure etc.

  5. Maximum Split Ratio of 1:64

  6. Typical distance between OLT & ONT can be greater than 15Km (with unequal splitting - up-to 35Km)

  7. Downstream transmission is usually TDM

  8. Upstream traffic is usually TDMA

  9. PON system may be symmetrical or asymmetrical

  10. PON and fiber infrastructure can also be used for supporting any one way distributive services e.g. video at a different wavelength
• PON configuration


  • Full duplex mode in a single fiber point to multipoint (P2MP) topology
  • Subscribers see traffic only from the head end, and not from each other
  • OLT (head end) allows only one subscriber at a time to transmit using the Time Division Multiplex Access (TDMA) protocol
  • Uses optical splitter architecture, multiplexing signals with different wavelengths for downstream and upstream
• Splitter configurations


  • Centralized
  • Cascaded
• Centralized Splitter Approach


  1. Uses a 1x32 splitter in an outside plant enclosure, such as a fiber distribution terminal

  2. Each device is connected to an OLT in the central office

  3. Optical splitters are concentrated in a single location from which all customer's optical network terminals (ONTs) at 32 homes are connected
• Cascaded Splitter Approach


  1. Pushes splitters deeper into the network

  2. Uses more than one splitter location in the pathway from central office to customer

  3. Might use a 1 x 4 splitter leading to a 1 x 8 splitter further downstream in four separate locations

  4. Optimally, there would eventually be 32 fibers reaching the ONTs of 32 homes
• PON technologies


  • APON (ATM Passive Optical Network)
  • BPON (Broadband Passive Optical Networking)
  • EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Networking)
  • GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Networking)
• APON


  ATM PON, standardized by ITU in 1998, uses ATM principles as the transport method and supports 622 Mbps downstream and 155 Mbps upstream service shared between 32-64 splits over a maximum distance of 20 km
• BPON


  Broadband PON, similar to APON but with higher performance numbers of up to 1.2 Gbps downstream and 622 Mbps upstream
• EPON


  Ethernet PON, standardized by IEEE in 2004, uses Ethernet encapsulation to transport data at 1.25Gbps both downstream and upstream, over a maximum reach of 20 km
• GPON


  Gigabit PON, approved by ITU standard G.984x, supports both ATM and Ethernet for Layer 2 data encapsulation, with downstream rates up to 2.5 Gbits/sec and upstream rate from 155 Mbits/sec to 2.5 Gbits/sec
• Features of different PON standards

  • BPON
  • GPON
  • EPON
• BSNL is procuring the GPON that will support downstream rate 2.5Gbps and upstream 1.25 Gbps
• From the BSNL network point of view GPON, being the TDM based technology, shall integrate into the existing switching network. While the VOIP feature in the GE-PON provides easy migration path to the Next Generation Network (NGN) of the BSNL. Since TDM switches and the NGN are to coexist for up to 2015 as per the NGN vision plan both GPON and GE-PON are the most suitable PON technologies for BSNL
• Main customers for MLLN

  • Paper industry
  • Broadcasting
  • Internet service Provider
• MLLN Advantages


  • 24 hrs Performance Monitoring of the circuit
  • Circuit fault reports generated proactively
  • On Demand the Bandwidth can be increased
  • Low lead time for new circuit provisioning
  • Protection against the failure of the circuit
  • Long drive on single copper pair
• MLLN


  Integrated, fully managed, multi-service digital network platform through which service providers can offer a wide range of services at an optimal cost to Business Subscribers
• MLLN is backed by a flexible Network Management System with powerful diagnostics and maintenance tools
• Network Management System


  Supports Service Provisioning, Network Optimization, Planning and Service Monitoring
• Applications offered by MLLN

  • Speech circuits (hot line or P-wire)
  • Data circuits
  • Private data network
  • International leased circuits
  • Corporate high speed internet access through Broadband
  • LAN interconnection
  • Hotline connectivity for voice
  • Point to point connection for data circuit
  • Point to multipoint connection
  • EPABX Interconnection
  • VPN on MLLN Network
  • Extension of VPN (MPLS) to Customer