Genetic terms

• Trait - any characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring
• Heredity - passing of traits from parent to offspring
• Genetics - study of heredity
• Genotype - gene combination for trait (ex: NN, Nn, or nn)
• Phenotype - physical feature resulting from a genotype / specific (ex: red, white)
• Alleles - two forms of a gene (dominant and recessive)
• Designer Genes


  Dominant

  • stronger of two genes expressed in the hybrid
  • represented by a capital letter
• Designer Genes


  Recessive

  • gene that shows up less often
  • represented by a lowercase letter
• Homozygous genotype

  • gene combination involving 2 dominant or 2 recessive genes (NN or nn)
• Heterozygous genotype

  • gene combination of one dominant and one recessive allele (Nn)
  • also known as hybrid