Skinner Operant Learning Theory

• Operant Learning/ Conditioning:

  • Operant conditioning is a type of behaviourist learning theory that is based on the assumptions that we learn through reinforcement and consequences of behaviour
  • Operant conditioning sees behaviour as something that is not influenced by biology but is shaped through personal experiences and experiences of others
• Positive Reinforcement:

  • when a behaviour results in something pleasant, such as a reward or compliment, that behaviour is strengthened and likely to be repeated
• Negative Reinforcement:

  • when behaviour results in something unpleasant, being prevented or stopped, that behaviour is strengthened by and likely to be repeated
• Punishment:

  • when a behaviour has negative consequences, that behaviour is weakened and less likely to be repeated.
• • Skinner believed if an offender is positively reinforced for a behaviour, they are likely to repeat it.
  • In addition, Skinner also believed if an offender is more influenced by positive reinforcement than punishments, criminality will continue.
  • e.g. if someone considered a crime to be highly rewarding and this outweighs fear of punishment, they are likely to repeat is.
  • E.g.2 If someone does not think they will be caught and punishment can be avoided, positive reinforcement is likely ro influence criminal behaviour